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Figure 2. Inhibition of mitochondrial movements by TNF via JNK. The percentage of mitochondria moving along axons (mobile fraction) anterogradely and retrogradely was quantified in cultured neurons transfected with a mitochondrial targeting sequence tagged to YFP. Treatment of neurons with TNF for 20 min reduced the mobile fraction. Effect of TNF on mitochondria movement was neutralized by inhibition of JNK with SP600125 (JNK inhibitor). Furthermore, the effect of TNF on axonal mitochondria movement was inhibited by blocking TNF with a TNFRI-IgG-fusion protein (TNF inhibition). No change in velocity was observed after treatment with TNF or combined treatment with TNF and JNK inhibitor. Data are presented as mean± SD. For each experimental condition n > 8; ***P < 0.001, **P < 0.01 (two-tailed Mann Whitney U test).
