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Figure 3. Diagram of Ibogaine- and GDNF-mediated long-lasting induction of GDNF expression and signaling. The data presented suggest a model in which GDNF or Ibogaine up-regulates GDNF expression, leading to the translation of the polypeptide, which is secreted and consequently activates the Ret receptor and its downstream target ERK. This in turn results in further increases in GDNF expression. This positive feedback loop induces a sustained long-lasting activation of the pathway.
