The FASEB Journal, Vol 9, 866-873, Copyright © 1995 by The Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology

REVIEWS

The selectins: vascular adhesion molecules

TF Tedder, DA Steeber, A Chen and P Engel
Department of Immunology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710, USA.

The selectin family of adhesion molecules mediates the initial attachment of leukocytes to venular endothelial cells before their firm adhesion and diapedesis at sites of tissue injury and inflammation. The selectin family consists of three closely related cell-surface molecules with differential expression by leukocytes (L-selectin), platelets (P-selectin), and vascular endothelium (E- and P-selectin). The selectins have characteristic extracellular regions composed of an amino-terminal lectin domain that binds a carbohydrate ligand, an epidermal growth factor-like domain, and two to nine short repeat units homologous to domains found in complement binding proteins. In contrast to most other adhesion molecules, selectin function is restricted to leukocyte interactions with vascular endothelium. Multiple studies indicate that the selectins mediate neutrophil, monocyte, and lymphocyte rolling along the venular wall. The generation of selectin- deficient mice has confirmed these findings and provided further insight into how the overlapping functions of these receptors regulate inflammatory processes. Selectin-directed therapeutic agents are now proven to be effective in blocking many of the pathological effects resulting from leukocyte entry into sites of inflammation. Future studies are focused on how the selectins interact with the increasing array of other adhesion molecules and inflammatory mediators.

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				T. Nagaoka, Y. Kaburagi, Y. Hamaguchi, M. Hasegawa, K. Takehara, D. A. Steeber, T. F. Tedder, and S. Sato Delayed Wound Healing in the Absence of Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 or L-Selectin Expression Am. J. Pathol., July 1, 2000; 157(1): 237 - 247. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				Z. M. Dong, A. A. Brown, and D. D. Wagner Prominent Role of P-Selectin in the Development of Advanced Atherosclerosis in ApoE-Deficient Mice Circulation, May 16, 2000; 101(19): 2290 - 2295. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				T. A. Bennett, B. S. Edwards, L. A. Sklar, and S. Rogelj Sulfhydryl Regulation of L-Selectin Shedding: Phenylarsine Oxide Promotes Activation-Independent L-Selectin Shedding from Leukocytes J. Immunol., April 15, 2000; 164(8): 4120 - 4129. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				H. M. Amin, S. Ahmad, J. M. Walenga, D. A. Hoppensteadt, H. Leitz, and J. Fareed Soluble P-Selectin in Human Plasma: Effect of Anticoagulant Matrix and its Levels in Patients With Cardiovascular Disorders Clinical and Applied Thrombosis/Hemostasis, April 1, 2000; 6(2): 71 - 76. [Abstract] [PDF]

				J. R. Chan, R. H. Boger, S. M. Bode-Boger, O. Tangphao, P. S. Tsao, T. F. Blaschke, and J. P. Cooke Asymmetric Dimethylarginine Increases Mononuclear Cell Adhesiveness in Hypercholesterolemic Humans Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol., April 1, 2000; 20(4): 1040 - 1046. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M. García-Carrasco, P. Pizcueta, R. Cervera, M. Ramos-Casals, A. Sisó, G. de la Red, M. Ingelmo, J. Font, and P. Engel Circulating concentrations of soluble L-selectin (CD62L) in patients with primary Sjogren's syndrome Ann Rheum Dis, April 1, 2000; 59(4): 297 - 299. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				K. Sujino, R. J. Jackson, N. W. C. Chan, S. Tsuji, and M. M. Palcic A novel viral {alpha}2,3-sialyltransferase (v-ST3Gal I): transfer of sialic acid to fucosylated acceptors Glycobiology, March 1, 2000; 10(3): 313 - 320. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				A. M. Fong, H. P. Erickson, J. P. Zachariah, S. Poon, N. J. Schamberg, T. Imai, and D. D. Patel Ultrastructure and Function of the Fractalkine Mucin Domain in CX3C Chemokine Domain Presentation J. Biol. Chem., February 11, 2000; 275(6): 3781 - 3786. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				B. A. Croy, A. A. Ashkar, K. Minhas, and J. D. Greenwood Can Murine Uterine Natural Killer Cells Give Insights Into the Pathogenesis of Preeclampsia? Reproductive Sciences, January 1, 2000; 7(1): 12 - 20. [Abstract] [PDF]

				J. Yang, T. Hirata, K. Croce, G. Merrill-Skoloff, B. Tchernychev, E. Williams, R. Flaumenhaft, B. C. Furie, and B. Furie Targeted Gene Disruption Demonstrates That P-Selectin Glycoprotein Ligand 1 (PSGL-1) Is Required for P-Selectin-mediated but Not E-Selectin-mediated Neutrophil Rolling and Migration J. Exp. Med., December 20, 1999; 190(12): 1769 - 1782. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. Morales, B. Homey, A. P. Vicari, S. Hudak, E. Oldham, J. Hedrick, R. Orozco, N. G. Copeland, N. A. Jenkins, L. M. McEvoy, et al. CTACK, a skin-associated chemokine that preferentially attracts skin-homing memory T cells PNAS, December 7, 1999; 96(25): 14470 - 14475. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. Soltys and M. T. Quinn Selective Recruitment of T-Cell Subsets to the Udder during Staphylococcal and Streptococcal Mastitis: Analysis of Lymphocyte Subsets and Adhesion Molecule Expression Infect. Immun., December 1, 1999; 67(12): 6293 - 6302. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				H. Huang, T. M. Calderon, J. W. Berman, V. L. Braunstein, L. M. Weiss, M. Wittner, and H. B. Tanowitz Infection of Endothelial Cells with Trypanosoma cruzi Activates NF-kappa B and Induces Vascular Adhesion Molecule Expression Infect. Immun., October 1, 1999; 67(10): 5434 - 5440. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. Fareed, J. M. Walenga, D. A. Hoppensteadt, W. P. Jeske, S. Ahmad, H. Lietz, R. McKenna, H. L. Messmore, and S. Haas Soluble Adhesion Molecules in the HIT Syndrome: Pathophysiologic Role and Therapeutic Modulation Clinical and Applied Thrombosis/Hemostasis, October 1, 1999; 5(1_suppl): S38 - S44. [Abstract] [PDF]

				S. D. Rosen Endothelial Ligands for L-Selectin : From Lymphocyte Recirculation to Allograft Rejection Am. J. Pathol., October 1, 1999; 155(4): 1013 - 1020. [Full Text] [PDF]

				E. E. M. Bates, N. Fournier, E. Garcia, J. Valladeau, I. Durand, J.-J. Pin, S. M. Zurawski, S. Patel, J. S. Abrams, S. Lebecque, et al. APCs Express DCIR, a Novel C-Type Lectin Surface Receptor Containing an Immunoreceptor Tyrosine-Based Inhibitory Motif J. Immunol., August 15, 1999; 163(4): 1973 - 1983. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				D. A. Steeber, M. L. K. Tang, N. E. Green, X.-Q. Zhang, J. E. Sloane, and T. F. Tedder Leukocyte Entry into Sites of Inflammation Requires Overlapping Interactions Between the L-Selectin and ICAM-1 Pathways J. Immunol., August 15, 1999; 163(4): 2176 - 2186. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				Y. J. Kim, L. Borsig, H.-L. Han, N. M. Varki, and A. Varki Distinct Selectin Ligands on Colon Carcinoma Mucins Can Mediate Pathological Interactions among Platelets, Leukocytes, and Endothelium Am. J. Pathol., August 1, 1999; 155(2): 461 - 472. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				C. A. v. Wely, P. C. L. Beverley, S. J. Brett, C. J. Britten, and J. P. Tite Expression of L-Selectin on Th1 Cells Is Regulated by IL-12 J. Immunol., August 1, 1999; 163(3): 1214 - 1221. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				F. Loder, B. Mutschler, R. J. Ray, C. J. Paige, P. Sideras, R. Torres, M. C. Lamers, and R. Carsetti B Cell Development in the Spleen Takes Place in Discrete Steps and Is Determined by the Quality of B Cell Receptor–derived Signals J. Exp. Med., July 5, 1999; 190(1): 75 - 90. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				C. C. Michel and F. E. Curry Microvascular Permeability Physiol Rev, July 1, 1999; 79(3): 703 - 761. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M. Krull, A. C. Klucken, F. N. Wuppermann, O. Fuhrmann, C. Magerl, J. Seybold, S. Hippenstiel, J. H. Hegemann, C. A. Jantos, and N. Suttorp Signal Transduction Pathways Activated in Endothelial Cells Following Infection with Chlamydia pneumoniae J. Immunol., April 15, 1999; 162(8): 4834 - 4841. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]