FASEB J.
HOME HELP FEEDBACK SUBSCRIPTIONS ARCHIVE SEARCH TABLE OF CONTENTS
QUICK SEARCH:   [advanced]


     

This Article
Right arrow Full Text (PDF)
Right arrow Alert me when this article is cited
Right arrow Alert me if a correction is posted
Services
Right arrow Email this article to a friend
Right arrow Similar articles in this journal
Right arrow Similar articles in PubMed
Right arrow Alert me to new issues of the journal
Right arrow Download to citation manager
Right arrow reprints & permissions
Citing Articles
Right arrow Citing Articles via HighWire
Right arrow Citing Articles via Google Scholar
Google Scholar
Right arrow Articles by Street, N. E.
Right arrow Articles by Mosmann, T. R.
Right arrow Search for Related Content
PubMed
Right arrow PubMed Citation
Right arrow Articles by Street, N. E.
Right arrow Articles by Mosmann, T. R.

The FASEB Journal, Vol 5, 171-177, Copyright © 1991 by The Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology

REVIEWS

Functional diversity of T lymphocytes due to secretion of different cytokine patterns

NE Street and TR Mosmann
Department of Immunology, DNAX Research Institute, Palo Alto, California 94304.

Different helper T cell subsets secrete different patterns of cytokines when stimulated by antigen. The TH1 and TH2 subsets differ in the secretion of at least eight cytokines, and three or more other cytokine secretion patterns also exist among both mouse and human T cell clones. Several properties of strong immune responses suggest that at least the TH1 and TH2 phenotypes can be present in vivo. As cytokines are major determinants of the functions of the T cells that produce them, these patterns lead to different properties of the T cell subsets. TH1 cells mediate several functions connected with cytotoxicity and local inflammatory reactions, and so these T cells are particularly effective at combating viruses and intracellular bacteria and parasites. TH2 cells are much more effective at stimulating B cells to produce antibody, and so should be more effective against free-living bacteria, and in inducing protective humoral immunity. Antibody and delayed inflammatory reactions are often mutually exclusive during immune responses, and this can be at least partially explained by cross- inhibition of TH1 and TH2 cells. A newly discovered cytokine, IL10, has been implicated as one of the cross-regulatory cytokines, as this TH2 product inhibits cytokine synthesis by TH1 cells.


This article has been cited by other articles:


Home page
 Int ImmunolHome page
N. Kaushansky, M. Eisenstein, J. H. Oved, and A. Ben-Nun
Activation and control of pathogenic T cells in OSP/claudin-11-induced EAE in SJL/J mice are dominated by their focused recognition of a single epitopic residue (OSP58M)
Int. Immunol., September 18, 2008; (2008) dxn099v1.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Immunol.Home page
X. Xiao, A. Kroemer, W. Gao, N. Ishii, G. Demirci, and X. C. Li
OX40/OX40L Costimulation Affects Induction of Foxp3+ Regulatory T Cells in Part by Expanding Memory T Cells In Vivo
J. Immunol., September 1, 2008; 181(5): 3193 - 3201.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Evid Based Complement Alternat MedHome page
S. Matsuba, H. Matsuno, M. Sakuma, and Y. Komatsu
Phellinus linteus Extract Augments the Immune Response in Mitomycin C-Induced Immunodeficient Mice
Evid. Based Complement. Altern. Med., March 1, 2008; 5(1): 85 - 90.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 CJASNHome page
S. Badiou, J.-P. Cristol, I. Jaussent, N. Terrier, M. Morena, F. Maurice, H. Leray-Moragues, J.-P. Rivory, L. Chalabi, C. Delcourt, et al.
Fine-Tuning of the Prediction of Mortality in Hemodialysis Patients by Use of Cytokine Proteomic Determination
Clin. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol., March 1, 2008; 3(2): 423 - 430.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Virol.Home page
N. S. Butler, A. A. Dandekar, and S. Perlman
Antiviral Antibodies Are Necessary To Prevent Cytotoxic T-Lymphocyte Escape in Mice Infected with a Coronavirus
J. Virol., December 15, 2007; 81(24): 13291 - 13298.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Immunol.Home page
A. L. Humlicek, L. J. Manzel, C. L. Chin, L. Shi, K. J. D. A. Excoffon, M. C. Winter, D. M. Shasby, and D. C. Look
Paracellular Permeability Restricts Airway Epithelial Responses to Selectively Allow Activation by Mediators at the Basolateral Surface
J. Immunol., May 15, 2007; 178(10): 6395 - 6403.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Immunol.Home page
M. R. King, A. S. Ismail, L. S. Davis, and D. R. Karp
Oxidative stress promotes polarization of human T cell differentiation toward a T helper 2 phenotype.
J. Immunol., March 1, 2006; 176(5): 2765 - 2772.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Immunol.Home page
A. E. Morelli, J. P. Rubin, G. Erdos, O. A. Tkacheva, A. R. Mathers, A. F. Zahorchak, A. W. Thomson, L. D. Falo Jr., and A. T. Larregina
CD4+ T Cell Responses Elicited by Different Subsets of Human Skin Migratory Dendritic Cells
J. Immunol., December 15, 2005; 175(12): 7905 - 7915.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Antimicrob. Agents Chemother.Home page
M. G. Netea, J. W. M. Van der Meer, R. P. Sutmuller, G. J. Adema, and B.-J. Kullberg
From the Th1/Th2 Paradigm towards a Toll-Like Receptor/T-Helper Bias
Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., October 1, 2005; 49(10): 3991 - 3996.
[Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Virol.Home page
A. A. Dandekar, G. Jacobsen, T. J. Waldschmidt, and S. Perlman
Antibody-Mediated Protection against Cytotoxic T-Cell Escape in Coronavirus-Induced Demyelination
J. Virol., November 15, 2003; 77(22): 11867 - 11874.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Am. Soc. Nephrol.Home page
A. C. Cooper, A. Mikhail, M. W. Lethbridge, D. M. Kemeny, and I. C. Macdougall
Increased Expression of Erythropoiesis Inhibiting Cytokines (IFN-{gamma}, TNF-{alpha}, IL-10, and IL-13) by T Cells in Patients Exhibiting a Poor Response to Erythropoietin Therapy
J. Am. Soc. Nephrol., July 1, 2003; 14(7): 1776 - 1784.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Psychosom. Med.Home page
L. Redwine, J. Dang, M. Hall, and M. Irwin
Disordered Sleep, Nocturnal Cytokines, and Immunity in Alcoholics
Psychosom Med, January 1, 2003; 65(1): 75 - 85.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Infect. Immun.Home page
P. Zhang, C. Jespersgaard, L. Lamberty-Mallory, J. Katz, Y. Huang, G. Hajishengallis, and S. M. Michalek
Enhanced Immunogenicity of a Genetic Chimeric Protein Consisting of Two Virulence Antigens of Streptococcus mutans and Protection against Infection
Infect. Immun., December 1, 2002; 70(12): 6779 - 6787.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 JCOHome page
P. Hersey, A. S. Coates, W. H. McCarthy, J. F. Thompson, R. W. Sillar, R. McLeod, P. G. Gill, B. J. Coventry, A. McMullen, H. Dillon, et al.
Adjuvant Immunotherapy of Patients With High-Risk Melanoma Using Vaccinia Viral Lysates of Melanoma: Results of a Randomized Trial
J. Clin. Oncol., October 15, 2002; 20(20): 4181 - 4190.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Psychosom. Med.Home page
E. M. Friedman, K. A. Becker, D. H. Overstreet, and D. A. Lawrence
Reduced Primary Antibody Responses in a Genetic Animal Model of Depression
Psychosom Med, March 1, 2002; 64(2): 267 - 273.
[Abstract] [Full Text]

Home page
 J. Immunol.Home page
K. L. Flanagan, E. A. M. Lee, M. B. Gravenor, W. H. H. Reece, B. C. Urban, T. Doherty, K. A. Bojang, M. Pinder, A. V. S. Hill, and M. Plebanski
Unique T Cell Effector Functions Elicited by Plasmodium falciparum Epitopes in Malaria-Exposed Africans Tested by Three T Cell Assays
J. Immunol., October 15, 2001; 167(8): 4729 - 4737.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Infect. Immun.Home page
J. R. Bosarge, J. M. Watt, D. O. McDaniel, E. Swiatlo, and L. S. McDaniel
Genetic Immunization with the Region Encoding the {alpha}-Helical Domain of PspA Elicits Protective Immunity against Streptococcus pneumoniae
Infect. Immun., September 1, 2001; 69(9): 5456 - 5463.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Int ImmunolHome page
S. Kawamoto, Y. Nitta, F. Tashiro, A. Nakano, E. Yamato, H. Tahara, K. Tabayashi, and J.-i. Miyazaki
Suppression of Th1 cell activation and prevention of autoimmune diabetes in NOD mice by local expression of viral IL-10
Int. Immunol., May 1, 2001; 13(5): 685 - 694.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Mol. Pharmacol.Home page
K. Bian, Y. Harari, M. Zhong, M. Lai, G. Castro, N. Weisbrodt, and F. Murad
Down-Regulation of Inducible Nitric-Oxide Synthase (NOS-2) During Parasite-Induced Gut Inflammation: A Path to Identify a Selective NOS-2 Inhibitor
Mol. Pharmacol., April 1, 2001; 59(4): 939 - 939.
[Abstract] [Full Text]

Home page
 Int ImmunolHome page
A. Yoshida, H. Maruyama, T. Kumagai, T. Amano, F. Kobayashi, M. Zhang, K. Himeno, and N. Ohta
Schistosoma mansoni infection cancels the susceptibility to Plasmodium chabaudi through induction of type 1 immune responses in A/J mice
Int. Immunol., August 1, 2000; 12(8): 1117 - 1125.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Int ImmunolHome page
E. M. Coccia, E. Stellacci, G. Marziali, G. Weiss, and A. Battistini
IFN-{gamma} and IL-4 differently regulate inducible NO synthase gene expression through IRF-1 modulation
Int. Immunol., July 1, 2000; 12(7): 977 - 985.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Infect. Immun.Home page
D. J. Kwak, N. H. Augustine, W. G. Borges, J. L. Joyner, W. F. Green, and H. R. Hill
Intracellular and Extracellular Cytokine Production by Human Mixed Mononuclear Cells in Response to Group B Streptococci
Infect. Immun., January 1, 2000; 68(1): 320 - 327.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Immunol.Home page
J. H. Aberle, S. W. Aberle, S. L. Allison, K. Stiasny, M. Ecker, C. W. Mandl, R. Berger, and F. X. Heinz
A DNA Immunization Model Study with Constructs Expressing the Tick-Borne Encephalitis Virus Envelope Protein E in Different Physical Forms
J. Immunol., December 15, 1999; 163(12): 6756 - 6761.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Immunol.Home page
D. O. Willenborg, S. A. Fordham, M. A. Staykova, I. A. Ramshaw, and W. B. Cowden
IFN-{gamma} Is Critical to the Control of Murine Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis and Regulates Both in the Periphery and in the Target Tissue: A Possible Role for Nitric Oxide
J. Immunol., November 15, 1999; 163(10): 5278 - 5286.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Infect. Immun.Home page
J. Katz, K. P. Black, and S. M. Michalek
Host Responses to Recombinant Hemagglutinin B of Porphyromonas gingivalis in an Experimental Rat Model
Infect. Immun., September 1, 1999; 67(9): 4352 - 4359.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Infect. Immun.Home page
Y. Jiang, L. Magli, and M. Russo
Bacterium-Dependent Induction of Cytokines in Mononuclear Cells and Their Pathologic Consequences In Vivo
Infect. Immun., May 1, 1999; 67(5): 2125 - 2130.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Immunol.Home page
R. Kishore, J. M. Tebo, M. Kolosov, and T. A. Hamilton
Cutting Edge: Clustered AU-Rich Elements Are the Target of IL-10-Mediated mRNA Destabilization in Mouse Macrophages
J. Immunol., March 1, 1999; 162(5): 2457 - 2461.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Am. J. Physiol. Lung Cell. Mol. Physiol.Home page
H. L. Twigg III, B. A. Spain, D. M. Soliman, K. Knox, R. A. Sidner, C. Schnizlein-Bick, D. S. Wilkes, and G. K. Iwamoto
Production of interferon-gamma by lung lymphocytes in HIV-infected individuals
Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol, February 1, 1999; 276(2): L256 - L262.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Nephrol Dial TransplantHome page
A. Zamauskaite, I. Perez-Cruz, M. Yaqoob, J. Madrigal, and S. Cohen
Effect of renal dialysis therapy modality on T cell cytokine production
Nephrol. Dial. Transplant., January 1, 1999; 14(1): 49 - 55.
[Abstract] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Biol. Chem.Home page
Y. Ohmori and T. A. Hamilton
STAT6 Is Required for the Anti-inflammatory Activity of Interleukin-4 in Mouse Peritoneal Macrophages
J. Biol. Chem., October 30, 1998; 273(44): 29202 - 29209.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Virol.Home page
J. Wang, G. Roderiquez, T. Oravecz, and M. A. Norcross
Cytokine Regulation of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Entry and Replication in Human Monocytes/Macrophages through Modulation of CCR5 Expression
J. Virol., September 1, 1998; 72(9): 7642 - 7647.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Microbiol. Mol. Biol. Rev.Home page
A. R. Foxwell, J. M. Kyd, and A. W. Cripps
Nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae: Pathogenesis and Prevention
Microbiol. Mol. Biol. Rev., June 1, 1998; 62(2): 294 - 308.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Immunol.Home page
M.-N. Kweon, K. Fujihashi, J. L. VanCott, K. Higuchi, M. Yamamoto, J. R. McGhee, and H. Kiyono
Lack of Orally Induced Systemic Unresponsiveness in IFN-{gamma} Knockout Mice
J. Immunol., February 15, 1998; 160(4): 1687 - 1693.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 ScienceHome page
S. Reiner, Z. Wang, F Hatam, P Scott, and R. Locksley
TH1 and TH2 cell antigen receptors in experimental leishmaniasis
Science, March 5, 1993; 259(5100): 1457 - 1460.
[Abstract] [PDF]


HOME HELP FEEDBACK SUBSCRIPTIONS ARCHIVE SEARCH TABLE OF CONTENTS
Copyright © 1991 by The Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology.