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Genomic environment influences the dynamics of the tirant LTR retrotransposon in Drosophila

Marie Fablet^*, Emmanuelle Lerat^*, Rita Rebollo^*, Béatrice Horard, Nelly Burlet^*, Sonia Martinez^*, Émilie Brasset, Eric Gilson, Chantal Vaury and Cristina Vieira^*,1

^* CNRS, UMR 5558, Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive, Université Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, France;

CNRS UMR 5161/ENS Lyon, Faculté de médecine Lyon Sud, Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire de la Cellule, Université Lyon 1/HCL, Pierre Bénite, France; and

UMR/CNRS 6247, INSERM, U931, Faculté de Médecine, BP38, Clermont Université, Clermont-Ferrand, France

¹ Correspondence: Université de Lyon, F-69000, Lyon, Université Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR5558, Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive, F-69622, Villeurbanne, France. E-mail: vieira{at}biomserv.univ-lyon1.fr

Combining genome sequence analysis and functional analysis, we show that some full-length copies of tirant are present in heterochromatic regions in Drosophila simulans and that when tested in vitro, these copies have a functional promoter. However, when inserted in heterochromatic regions, tirant copies are inactive in vivo, and only transcription of euchromatic copies can be detected. Thus, our data indicate that the localization of the element is a hallmark of its activity in vivo and raise the question of genomic invasions by transposable elements and the importance of their genomic integration sites.—Fablet, M., Lerat, E., Rebollo, R., Horard, B., Burlet, N., Martinez, S., Brasset, E., Gilson, E., Vaury, C., Vieira, C. Genomic environment influences the dynamics of the tirant LTR retrotransposon in Drosophila.

Key Words: chromatin • endogenous retrovirus • natural populations