HOME HELP FEEDBACK SUBSCRIPTIONS ARCHIVE SEARCH TABLE OF CONTENTS		QUICK SEARCH:   [advanced] Author: Keyword(s): Year:  Vol:  Page:

This Article Full Text Full Text (PDF) All Versions of this Article: fj.08-117150v1 22/12/4044    most recent Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Services Email this article to a friend Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Citing Articles Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Scanu, A. M. Articles by Edelstein, C. Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Scanu, A. M. Articles by Edelstein, C.

HDL: bridging past and present with a look at the future

Angelo M. Scanu^*,,1 and Celina Edelstein^*

^* Department of Medicine and

Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA

¹ Correspondence: University of Chicago, Department of Medicine, MC5041, 5841 S. Maryland Ave., Chicago, IL 60637, USA. E-mail: ascanu{at}medicine.bsd.uchicago.edu

Clinical and epidemiological studies have shown that HDLs, a class of plasma lipoproteins, heterogeneous in size and density, have an atheroprotective role attributed, for years, to their capacity to promote the efflux of cholesterol from activated cholesterol-loaded arterial macrophages. Recent studies, however, have recognized that the physical heterogeneity of HDLs is associated with multiple functions that involve both the protein and the lipid components of these particles. ApoA-I, quantitatively the major protein constituent, has an amphipathic structure suited for transport of lipids. It readily interacts with the ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCA1, the SR-B1 scavenger receptor; activates the enzyme lecithin-cholesterol acyl transferase (LCAT), which is critical for HDL maturation. It also has antioxidant and antiinflammatory properties, along with the HDL-associated enzymes paraoxonase, platelet activating factor acetylhydrolase (PAF), and glutathione peroxidase. Regarding the lipid moiety, an atheroprotective role has been recognized for lysosphingolipids, particularly sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P). All of these atheroprotective functions are lost in the post-translational dependent dysfunctional plasma HDLs of subjects with systemic inflammation, coronary heart disease, diabetes, and chronic renal disease. The emerging notion that particle quality has more predictive power than quantity has stimulated further exploration of the HDL proteome, already revealing unsuspected pro- or antiatherogenic proteins/peptides associated with HDL.—Scanu, A. M., Edelstein, C. HDL: bridging past and present with a look at the future.

Key Words: apoA-I • apoA-II • ATP-binding cassette transporter • lecithin-cholesterol acyl transferase • paraoxonase