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Initial evaluation of the use of USPIO cell labeling and noninvasive MR monitoring of human tissue-engineered vascular grafts in vivo

G. N. Nelson^*, J. D. Roh^*, T. L. Mirensky^*, Y. Wang^*, T. Yi^*, G. Tellides^*, J. S. Pober^*, P. Shkarin, E. M. Shapiro, W. M. Saltzman^*,, X. Papademetris^,, T. M. Fahmy^*, and C. K. Breuer^*,1

^* Interdepartmental Program in Vascular Biology and Therapeutics, School of Medicine;

Department of Radiology, School of Medicine; and

Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA

¹Correspondence: Yale University School of Medicine, Interdepartmental Program in Vascular Biology and Therapeutics, Amistad Research Bldg., 10 Amistad St., Rm. 301B, P.O. Box 208089, New Haven, CT 06520, USA. E-mail: christopher.breuer{at}yale.edu

This pilot study examines noninvasive MR monitoring of tissue-engineered vascular grafts (TEVGs) in vivo using cells labeled with iron oxide nanoparticles. Human aortic smooth muscle cells (hASMCs) were labeled with ultrasmall superparamagnetic iron oxide (USPIO) nanoparticles. The labeled hASMCs, along with human aortic endothelial cells, were incorporated into eight TEVGs and were then surgically implanted as aortic interposition grafts in a C.B-17 SCID/bg mouse host. USPIO-labeled hASMCs persisted in the grafts throughout a 3 wk observation period and allowed noninvasive MR imaging of the human TEVGs for real-time, serial monitoring of hASMC retention. This study demonstrates the feasibility of applying noninvasive imaging techniques for evaluation of in vivo TEVG performance.—Nelson, G. N., Roh, J. D., Mirensky, T. L., Wang, Y., Yi, T., Tellides, G., Pober, J. S., Shkarin, P., Shapiro, E. M., Saltzman, W. M., Papademetris, X., Fahmy, T. M., Breuer, C. K.. Initial evaluation of the use of USPIO cell labeling and noninvasive MR monitoring of human tissue-engineered vascular grafts in vivo.

Key Words: SCID/bg • animal model • arterial grafts • MRI