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Anti-ulcer treatment during pregnancy induces food allergy in mouse mothers and a Th2-bias in their offspring

Isabella Schöll^*, Ute Ackermann, Cevdet Özdemir, Nicole Blümer, Tanja Dicke, Serdar Sel, Sarper Sel, Michael Wegmann, Krisztina Szalai^*, Regina Knittelfelder^*, Eva Untersmayr^*, Otto Scheiner^*, Holger Garn, Erika Jensen-Jarolim^*,1 and Harald Renz

^* Department of Pathophysiology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria;

Department of Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostics, Hospital of the Philipps-University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany; and

Pediatric Allergy and Immunology Division, Marmara University, School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey

¹Correspondence: Department of Pathophysiology, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel1090 Vienna, Austria. E-mail: erika.jensen-jarolim{at}meduniwien.ac.at

The treatment of dyspeptic disorders with anti-acids leads to an increased risk of sensitization against food allergens. As these drugs are taken by 30–50% of pregnant women due to reflux and heartburn, we aimed here to investigate the impact of maternal therapy with anti-acids on the immune response in the offspring in a murine model. Codfish extract as model allergen was fed with or without sucralfate, an anti-acid drug, to pregnant BALB/c mice during pregnancy and lactation. These mothers developed a codfish-specific allergic response shown as high IgG1 and IgE antibody levels and positive skin tests. In the next step we analyzed whether this maternal sensitization impacts a subsequent sensitization in the offspring. Indeed, in stimulated splenocytes of these offspring we found a relative Th2-dominance, because the Th1- and T-regulatory cytokines were significantly suppressed. Our data provide evidence that the anti-acid drug sucralfate supports sensitization against food in pregnant mice and favors a Th2-milieu in their offspring. From these results we propose that anti-acid treatment during pregnancy could be responsible for the increasing number of sensitizations against food allergens in young infants.—Schöll, I., Ackermann, U., Özdemir, C., Blümer, N., Dicke, T., Sel, S., Sel, S., Wegmann, M., Szalai, K., Knittelfelder, R., Untersmayr, E., Scheiner, O., Garn, H., Jensen-Jarolim, E., Renz, H. Anti-ulcer treatment during pregnancy induces food allergy in mouse mothers and a Th2-bias in their offspring.

Key Words: sensitization against food • sucralfate • digestion • children • lactation