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Sequential changes in the signal transduction responses of skeletal muscle following food deprivation

Pieter de Lange^*,1, Paola Farina^*,1, Maria Moreno, Maurizio Ragni^*, Assunta Lombardi, Elena Silvestri, Lavinia Burrone, Antonia Lanni^*,2 and Fernando Goglia^,2

^* Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita, Seconda Università degli Studi di Napoli, Caserta, Italy;

Dipartimento di Scienze Biologiche ed Ambientali, Università degli Studi del Sannio, Benevento, Italy; and

Dipartimento delle Scienze Biologiche, Università degli Studi di Napoli "Federico II," Napoli, Italy

²Correspondence: A.L.: Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita, Seconda Università degli Studi di Napoli, Via Vivaldi 43, 81100, Caserta, Italy; E-mail: antonia.lanni{at}unina2.it, or F.G.: Dipartimento di Scienze Biologiche ed Ambientali, Università degli Studi del Sannio, Via Port’Arsa 11, 82100, Benevento, Italy; E-mail: goglia{at}unisannio.it

ABSTRACT

Coping with reduced energy sources entails drastic morphological and functional changes in skeletal muscle, but the sequence of events required classification. We found that gastrocnemius muscle from food-deprived rats shows acute rises in peroxisome proliferator activated receptor (PPAR) coactivator (PGC) -1/PPAR nuclear protein and myosin heavy chain (MHC) Ib protein, while type I fibers accumulate and the muscle tissue appears redder. AMP levels, phosphorylation of both AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and its downstream target acetyl coenzyme A carboxylase (ACC) are induced within 6 h. Rapidly increased MyoD mRNA levels are followed by an increase in uncoupling protein (UCP) 3 (UCP3) transcription. Increased serum fatty acid levels coincide with increases in mitochondrial UCP3 protein levels and fatty acid oxidation. Accompanying this is a decrease in AMPK phophorylation, reversible upon nicotinic acid treatment, indicating that fatty acids may modulate this kinase’s activity after the metabolic challenges posed by food deprivation.—de Lange, P., Farina, P., Moreno, M., Ragni, M., Lombardi, A., Silvestri, E., Burrone, L., Lanni, A., Goglia, F. Sequential changes in the signal transduction responses of skeletal muscle following food deprivation.

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