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* Department of Neurology, Caritas St. Elizabeth’s Medical Center, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA;
Department of Neurobiology and Behaviour, University of California, Irvine, California, USA;
Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; and
Department of Anaesthesia, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
1Correspondence: Department of Neurology, Caritas St. Elizabeth’s Medical Center of Boston, Tufts University School of Medicine, 736 Cambridge St., CBR419, Boston. MA, USA. E-mail: henry.querfurth{at}tufts.edu
ABSTRACT
Intracellular deposition of the ß-amyloid (Aß) peptide is an increasingly recognized pathological hallmark associated with neurodegeneration and muscle wasting in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and inclusion body myositis (IBM), respectively. Previous reports have implicated dysregulation of ß-amyloid precursor protein (ßAPP) expression in IBM. Accumulation of full-length ßAPP, its various proteolytic derivatives including Aß, and phospho-tau into vacuolated inclusions is an early pathogenic event. We previously reported on a statistical tendency favoring fast twitch fiber involvement in IBM, reminiscent of the tissue specific patterns of misfolded protein deposition seen in neurodegenerative diseases. To test this principle, we generated an animal model in which human wild-type (WT) ßAPP expression was limited to postnatal type II skeletal muscle. Hemizygous transgenic mice harboring increased levels of holoßAPP751 and Aß in skeletal muscle fibers became significantly weaker with age compared with nontransgenic littermates and exhibited typical myopathic features. A subpopulation of dissociated muscle fibers from transgenic mice exhibited a 2-fold increase in resting calcium and membrane depolarization compared with nontransgenic littermates. Taken together, these data indicate that overexpression of human ßAPP in fast twitch skeletal muscle of transgenic mice is sufficient for the development of some features characteristic of IBM, including abnormal tau histochemistry. The increase in resting calcium and depolarization are novel findings, suggesting both a mechanism for the weakness and an avenue for therapeutic intervention in IBM.—Moussa, C. E-H., Fu, Q., Kumar, P., Shtifman, A., Lopez, J. R., Allen, P. D., LaFerla, F., Weinberg, D., Magrane, J., Aprahamian, T., Walsh, K., Rosen, K. M., Querfurth, H. W. Transgenic expression of ß-APP in fast-twitch skeletal muscle leads to calcium dyshomeostasis and IBM-like pathology.
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