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(The FASEB Journal. 2004;18:627-636.)
© 2004 FASEB

The enigmatic protein kinase C{delta}: complex roles in cell proliferation and survival

DESMOND N. JACKSON and DAVID A. FOSTER1

Department of Biological Sciences, Hunter College of The City University of New York, New York, New York, USA

1Correspondence: Department of Biological Sciences, Hunter College of The City University of New York, 695 Park Ave., New York, NY 10021, USA. E-mail: foster{at}genectr.hunter.cuny.edu

Protein kinase C{delta} (PKC{delta}) has been implicated both as a tumor suppressor and a positive regulator of cell cycle progression. PKC{delta} has also been reported to positively and negatively regulate apoptotic programs. This has led to conflicting hypotheses on the role of PKC{delta} in the control of cell proliferation and survival. Surprisingly, PKC{delta} mice develop normally and are fertile, indicating that PKC{delta} is not critical for normal cell proliferation during development. However, PKC{delta} may play important roles in neoplastic cell proliferation. In this review, we have summarized the apparent multifunctional properties of this enigmatic protein with regard to its role in the regulation of cell cycle progression and cell survival. It is proposed that PKC{delta} has both tumor suppressor and proliferation capabilities that can be recruited as a backup kinase for both gatekeeper tumor suppression and as an activator of the Ras/Raf/MEK/MAP kinase signaling pathway in cell proliferation.—Jackson, D. N., Foster, D. A. The enigmatic protein kinase C{delta}: complex roles in cell proliferation and survival.


Key Words: cell cycle • tumor promotion • tumor suppressor • tyrosine kinase




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