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,
1
* Noll Physiological Research Center,
Department of Chemistry, and
Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Hershey Medical Center, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park and Hershey, Pennsylvania 16802, USA; and
Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
1Correspondence: 111 Noll Physiological Research Center, University Park, PA 16802, USA. E-mail: lgl5{at}psu.edu
Nonenzymatic glycosylation (glycation) is recognized as an important post-translational modification underlying alterations of structure and function of extracellular proteins. The effect of glycation on intracellular proteins is, on the other hand, less well known despite the vital importance of intracellular proteins for cell, tissue, and organ function. The aim of this study was to explore the effects of glycation on the structure and function of skeletal muscle myosin. Myosin was incubated for up to 30 min with glucose and subsequently tested for structural and functional modifications by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) mass spectrometry and a single-fiber in vitro motility assay, respectively. MALDI spectra revealed glycation-related structural alterations as evidenced by the disappearance of specific Lys-C proteolysis products and the appearance of higher mass peaks that are attributed to cross-linking by glucose. This change was paralleled by a significant reduction in the in vitro motility speed, suggesting a structure-related decline in myosin mechanics in response to glucose exposure. Further evidence that early glycation products form in the regulatory regions of the myosin molecule is derived from the fact that there is complete reversal of motility speed after reaction with the Schiff base-cleaving agent hydroxylamine hydrochloride. Thus, glycation of skeletal muscle myosin has a significant effect on both the structural and functional properties of the protein, a finding that is important in understanding the mechanisms underlying the impairment in muscle function associated with aging and diabetes.Ramamurthy, B., Höök, P., Jones, A. D., Larsson, L. Changes in myosin structure and function in response to glycation.
Key Words: skeletal muscle myosin glucose soleus muscle MALDI mass spectrometry
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