| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
|
|
|
|||||||
|
|||||||||
* Department of Pathology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee 38163, USA;
Department of Internal Medicine, Southern Illinois University, Springfield, Illinois 62701, USA;
Department of Histology and Immunology, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland;
Nuffield Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DU UK;
Center for Neuropharmacology and Neuroscience, Albany Medical College, Albany, New York 12208, USA; and
** School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
1Correspondence: Department of Pathology, 899 Madison Ave., Room 576M-BMH, 899 Madison, Ave., Memphis, TN 38163, USA. E-mail: aslominski{at}utmem.edu
Studies in mammalian skin have shown expression of the genes for corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) and the related urocortin peptide, with subsequent production of the respective peptides. Recent molecular and biochemical analyses have further revealed the presence of CRH receptors (CRH-Rs). These CRH-Rs are functional, responding to CRH and urocortin peptides (exogenous or produced locally) through activation of receptor(s)-mediated pathways to modify skin cell phenotype. Thus, when taken together with the previous findings of cutaneous expression of POMC and its receptors, these observations extend the range of regulatory elements of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis expressed in mammalian skin. Overall, the cutaneous CRH/POMC expression is highly reactive to common stressors such as immune cytokines, ultraviolet radiation, cutaneous pathology, or even the physiological changes associated with the hair cycle phase. Therefore, similar to its central analog, the local expression and action of CRH/POMC elements appear to be highly organized and entrained, representing general mechanism of cutaneous response to stressful stimuli. In such a CRH/POMC system, the CRH-Rs may be a central element.—Slominski, A., Wortsman, J., Pisarchik, A., Zbytek, B., Linton, E. A., Mazurkiewicz, J., Wei, E. T. Cutaneous expression of corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH), urocortin, and CRH receptors.
Key Words: skin • PKA • CRH gene • stress
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
 |
|
  E. Bodo, A. Kromminga, W. Funk, M. Laugsch, U. Duske, W. Jelkmann, and R. Paus Human hair follicles are an extrarenal source and a nonhematopoietic target of erythropoietin FASEB J, October 1, 2007; 21(12): 3346 - 3354. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 L. Gao, P. He, J. Sha, C. Liu, L. Dai, N. Hui, and X. Ni Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone Receptor Type 1 and Type 2 Mediate Differential Effects on 15-Hydroxy Prostaglandin Dehydrogenase Expression in Cultured Human Chorion Trophoblasts Endocrinology, August 1, 2007; 148(8): 3645 - 3654. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. O Huising, L. M van der Aa, J. R Metz, A. de Fatima Mazon, B M L. V.-v. Kemenade, and G. Flik Corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) and CRF-binding protein expression in and release from the head kidney of common carp: evolutionary conservation of the adrenal CRF system J. Endocrinol., June 1, 2007; 193(3): 349 - 357. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. A Zmijewski, R. K Sharma, and A. T Slominski Expression of molecular equivalent of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis in adult retinal pigment epithelium J. Endocrinol., April 1, 2007; 193(1): 157 - 169. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 D. Roosterman, T. Goerge, S. W. Schneider, N. W. Bunnett, and M. Steinhoff Neuronal control of skin function: the skin as a neuroimmunoendocrine organ. Physiol Rev, October 1, 2006; 86(4): 1309 - 1379. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J. Donelan, W. Boucher, N. Papadopoulou, M. Lytinas, D. Papaliodis, P. Dobner, and T. C. Theoharides Corticotropin-releasing hormone induces skin vascular permeability through a neurotensin-dependent process PNAS, May 16, 2006; 103(20): 7759 - 7764. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. Kauser, A. Slominski, E. T. Wei, and D. J. Tobin Modulation of the human hair follicle pigmentary unit by corticotropin-releasing hormone and urocortin peptides FASEB J, May 1, 2006; 20(7): 882 - 895. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 A. F. Mazon, B. M. L. Verburg-van Kemenade, G. Flik, and M. O. Huising Corticotropin-releasing hormone-receptor 1 (CRH-R1) and CRH-binding protein (CRH-BP) are expressed in the gills and skin of common carp Cyprinus carpio L. and respond to acute stress and infection J. Exp. Biol., February 1, 2006; 209(3): 510 - 517. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
H. Sashinami, K. Kageyama, T. Suda, and A. Nakane Urocortin 2 Suppresses Host Resistance to Listeria monocytogenes Infection via Up-Regulation of Interleukin-10 Endocrinology, November 1, 2005; 146(11): 5003 - 5011. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 R. Sirianni, B. A. Mayhew, B. R. Carr, C. R. Parker Jr., and W. E. Rainey Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone (CRH) and Urocortin Act through Type 1 CRH Receptors to Stimulate Dehydroepiandrosterone Sulfate Production in Human Fetal Adrenal Cells J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., September 1, 2005; 90(9): 5393 - 5400. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
V L Clifton, R Crompton, M A Read, P G Gibson, R Smith, and I M R Wright Microvascular effects of corticotropin-releasing hormone in human skin vary in relation to estrogen concentration during the menstrual cycle J. Endocrinol., July 1, 2005; 186(1): 69 - 76. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
N. W. Bunnett The stressed gut: Contributions of intestinal stress peptides to inflammation and motility PNAS, May 24, 2005; 102(21): 7409 - 7410. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 A. Slominski, B. Zbytek, A. Szczesniewski, I. Semak, J. Kaminski, T. Sweatman, and J. Wortsman CRH stimulation of corticosteroids production in melanocytes is mediated by ACTH Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab, April 1, 2005; 288(4): E701 - E706. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. Slominski, J. Wortsman, and D. J. Tobin The cutaneous serotoninergic/melatoninergic system: securing a place under the sun FASEB J, February 1, 2005; 19(2): 176 - 194. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. Chen, A. Blount, J. Vaughan, B. Brar, and W. Vale Urocortin II Gene Is Highly Expressed in Mouse Skin and Skeletal Muscle Tissues: Localization, Basal Expression in Corticotropin-Releasing Factor Receptor (CRFR) 1- and CRFR2-Null Mice, and Regulation by Glucocorticoids Endocrinology, May 1, 2004; 145(5): 2445 - 2457. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
B. K. Brar, A. Chen, M. H. Perrin, and W. Vale Specificity and Regulation of Extracellularly Regulated Kinase1/2 Phosphorylation through Corticotropin-Releasing Factor (CRF) Receptors 1 and 2{beta} by the CRF/Urocortin Family of Peptides Endocrinology, April 1, 2004; 145(4): 1718 - 1729. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. Slominski, A. Pisarchik, D. J. Tobin, J. E. Mazurkiewicz, and J. Wortsman Differential Expression of a Cutaneous Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone System Endocrinology, February 1, 2004; 145(2): 941 - 950. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. Crompton, V. L. Clifton, A. T. Bisits, M. A. Read, R. Smith, and I. M. R. Wright Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone Causes Vasodilation in Human Skin via Mast Cell-Dependent Pathways J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., November 1, 2003; 88(11): 5427 - 5432. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. Steinhoff, S. Stander, S. Seeliger, J. C. Ansel, M. Schmelz, and T. Luger Modern Aspects of Cutaneous Neurogenic Inflammation Arch Dermatol, November 1, 2003; 139(11): 1479 - 1488. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 B. Wiesner, B. Roloff, K. Fechner, and A. Slominski Intracellular calcium measurements of single human skin cells after stimulation with corticotropin-releasing factor and urocortin using confocal laser scanning microscopy J. Cell Sci., April 1, 2003; 116(7): 1261 - 1268. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 V. A. Botchkarev Stress and the Hair Follicle: Exploring the Connections Am. J. Pathol., March 1, 2003; 162(3): 709 - 712. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. C. Zouboulis, H. Seltmann, N. Hiroi, W. Chen, M. Young, M. Oeff, W. A. Scherbaum, C. E. Orfanos, S. M. McCann, and S. R. Bornstein Corticotropin-releasing hormone: An autocrine hormone that promotes lipogenesis in human sebocytes PNAS, May 14, 2002; 99(10): 7148 - 7153. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
V. L. Clifton, R. Crompton, R. Smith, and I. M. R. Wright Microvascular Effects of CRH in Human Skin Vary in Relation to Gender J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., January 1, 2002; 87(1): 267 - 270. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
