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Enzyme replacement therapy in a mouse model of aspartylglycosaminuria

ULLA DUNDER^*, VESA KAARTINEN, PIRJO VALTONEN^*, EIRA VÄÄNÄNEN^*, VELI-MATTI KOSMA, NORA HEISTERKAMP^§, JOHN GROFFEN^§ and ILKKA MONONEN^*,||1

^* Department of Clinical Chemistry, Kuopio University Hospital, FIN-70211 Kuopio, Finland;
Department of Pathology and
^§ Division of Haematology/Oncology, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles Research Institute, USC School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California 90027, USA;
Department of Pathology and Forensic Medicine, Kuopio University, FIN-70210, Kuopio, Finland; and
^|| Department of Clinical Chemistry and Hematology, Turku University Hospital, FIN-20521 Turku, Finland

¹Correspondence: Department of Clinical Chemistry, Kuopio University Hospital, P.O. Box 1777, FIN-70211 Kuopio, Finland. E-mail: ilkka.mononen{at}messi.uku.fi

Aspartylglycosaminuria (AGU), the most common lysosomal disorder of glycoprotein degradation, is caused by deficient activity of glycosylasparaginase (AGA). AGA-deficient mice share most of the clinical, biochemical and histopathologic characteristics of human AGU disease. In the current study, recombinant human AGA administered i.v. to adult AGU mice disappeared from the systemic circulation of the animals in two phases predominantly into non-neuronal tissues, which were rapidly cleared from storage compound aspartylglucosamine. Even a single AGA injection reduced the amount of aspartylglucosamine in the liver and spleen of AGU mice by 90% and 80%, respectively. Quantitative biochemical analyses along with histological and immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that the pathophysiologic characteristics of AGU were effectively corrected in non-neuronal tissues of AGU mice during 2 wk of AGA therapy. At the same time, AGA activity increased to 10% of that in normal brain tissue and the accumulation of aspartylglucosamine was reduced by 20% in total brain of the treated animals. Immunohistochemical studies suggested that the corrective enzyme was widely distributed within the brain tissue. These findings suggest that AGU may be correctable by enzyme therapy.—Dunder, U., Kaartinen, V., Valtonen, P., Väänänen, E., Kosma, V.-M., Heisterkamp, N., Groffen, J., Mononen, I. Enzyme replacement therapy in a mouse model of aspartylglycosaminuria.

Key Words: aspartylglycosylaminase • recombinant proteins • lysosomal storage diseases • animal disease models • lysosomes

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