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School of Medicine, Division of Respiratory Cell and Molecular Biology, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, SO16 6YD, U.K.
1Correspondence: Medical Specialties Level D, Centre Block (810), Southampton General Hospital, Tremona Rd., Southampton SO16 6YD, U.K. E-mail donnad{at}soton.ac.uk
Epithelial damage and airway remodeling are consistent features of bronchial asthma and are correlated with disease chronicity, severity, and bronchial hyperreactivity. To examine the mechanisms that control bronchial epithelial repair, we investigated expression of the epidermal growth factor receptor (c-erbB1, EGFR) in asthmatic bronchial mucosa and studied repair responses in vitro. In biopsies from asthmatic subjects, areas of epithelial damage were frequently observed and exhibited strong EGFR immunostaining. EGFR expression was also high in morphologically intact asthmatic epithelium. Using image analysis, EGFR immunoreactivity (% of total epithelial area, median (range) was found to increase from 9.4 (4.1–20.4) in normal subjects (n=10) to 18.4 (9.3–28.9) in mild asthmatics (P<0.01, n=13) and 25.4 (15.4–31.8) in severe asthmatics (P<0.00, n=5). Epithelial EGFR immunoreactivity remained elevated in patients treated with corticosteroids and was positively correlated with subepithelial reticular membrane thickening. Using 16HBE 14o- bronchial epithelial cells, we found that EGF accelerated repair of scrape-wounded monolayers and that the EGFR-selective inhibitor, tyrphostin AG1478, inhibited both EGF-stimulated and basal wound closure whereas dexamethasone was without effect. Intrinsic activation of the EGFR was confirmed by analysis of tyrosine phosphorylated proteins, which revealed a rapid, damage-induced phosphorylation of the EGFR, irrespective of the presence of exogenous EGF. To assess the relationship between EGFR-mediated repair and tissue remodeling, release of the profibrogenic mediator TGF-ß2 was also measured. Scrape wounding increased release of TGF-ß2 from epithelial monolayers and EGF had no additional stimulatory effect. However, when repair was retarded with AG1478, the amount of TGF-ß2 increased significantly. These data indicate that the EGFR may play an important role in bronchial epithelial repair in asthma and that impairment of this function may augment airway remodeling.—Puddicombe, S. M., Polosa, R., Richter, A., Krishna, M. T., Howarth, P. H., Holgate, S. T., Davies, D. E. Involvement of the epidermal growth factor receptor in epithelial repair in asthma.
Key Words: phosphorylation • tyrphostin • remodeling • TGF-ß • c-erbB1
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A. M. Vignola, F. Mirabella, G. Costanzo, R. Di Giorgi, M. Gjomarkaj, V. Bellia, and G. Bonsignore Airway Remodeling in Asthma Chest, March 1, 2003; 123 (2009): 417S - 422S. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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S. PLANQUE, Y.-X. ZHOU, Y. NISHIYAMA, M. SINHA, M. O'CONNOR-MCCOURT, F. C. ARNETT, and S. PAUL Autoantibodies to the epidermal growth factor receptor in systemic sclerosis, lupus, and autoimmune mice FASEB J, February 1, 2003; 17(2): 136 - 143. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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P A Beckett and P H Howarth Pharmacotherapy and airway remodelling in asthma? Thorax, February 1, 2003; 58(2): 163 - 174. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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B. B. Vargaftig and M. Singer Leukotrienes, IL-13, and chemokines cooperate to induce BHR and mucus in allergic mouse lungs Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol, February 1, 2003; 284(2): L260 - L269. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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S. M. Puddicombe, C. Torres-Lozano, A. Richter, F. Bucchieri, J. L. Lordan, P. H. Howarth, B. Vrugt, R. Albers, R. Djukanovic, S. T. Holgate, et al. Increased Expression of p21waf Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor in Asthmatic Bronchial Epithelium Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol., January 1, 2003; 28(1): 61 - 68. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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J. C. Bonner The epidermal growth factor receptor at the crossroads of airway remodeling Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol, September 1, 2002; 283(3): L528 - L530. [Full Text] [PDF]
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A. Rosendahl, E. Pardali, M. Speletas, P. ten Dijke, C.-H. Heldin, and P. Sideras Activation of Bone Morphogenetic Protein/Smad Signaling in Bronchial Epithelial Cells during Airway Inflammation Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol., August 1, 2002; 27(2): 160 - 169. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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F. Bucchieri, S. M. Puddicombe, J. L. Lordan, A. Richter, D. Buchanan, S. J. Wilson, J. Ward, G. Zummo, P. H. Howarth, R. Djukanovic, et al. Asthmatic Bronchial Epithelium Is More Susceptible to Oxidant-Induced Apoptosis Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol., August 1, 2002; 27(2): 179 - 185. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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A. Richter, R. A. O'Donnell, R. M. Powell, M. W. Sanders, S. T. Holgate, R. Djukanovic', and D. E. Davies Autocrine Ligands for the Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Mediate Interleukin-8 Release from Bronchial Epithelial Cells in Response to Cigarette Smoke Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol., July 1, 2002; 27(1): 85 - 90. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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M. K. Winkler and J. L. Fowlkes Metalloproteinase and growth factor interactions: do they play a role in pulmonary fibrosis? Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol, July 1, 2002; 283(1): L1 - L11. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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D.-H. Nahm, Y. E. Lee, E.-J. Yim, H.-S. Park, H. Yim, Y. Kang, and J.-K. Kim Identification of Cytokeratin 18 as a Bronchial Epithelial Autoantigen Associated with Nonallergic Asthma Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med., June 1, 2002; 165(11): 1536 - 1539. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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D. J. Tschumperlin, J. D. Shively, M. A. Swartz, E. S. Silverman, K. J. Haley, G. Raab, and J. M. Drazen Mechanotransduction in the Lung: Bronchial epithelial compression regulates MAP kinase signaling and HB-EGF-like growth factor expression Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol, May 1, 2002; 282(5): L904 - L911. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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W. D. Hardie, D. R. Prows, A. Piljan-Gentle, M. R. Dunlavy, S. C. Wesselkamper, G. D. Leikauf, and T. R. Korfhagen Dose-Related Protection from Nickel-Induced Lung Injury in Transgenic Mice Expressing Human Transforming Growth Factor-alpha Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol., April 1, 2002; 26(4): 430 - 437. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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T. L. Ediger, B. L. Danforth, and M. L. Toews Lysophosphatidic acid upregulates the epidermal growth factor receptor in human airway smooth muscle cells Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol, January 1, 2002; 282(1): L91 - L98. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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P. K. JEFFERY Remodeling in Asthma and Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med., November 15, 2001; 164(10): S28 - 38. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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L. BENAYOUN, S. LETUVE, A. DRUILHE, J. BOCZKOWSKI, M.-C. DOMBRET, P. MECHIGHEL, J. MEGRET, G. LESECHE, M. AUBIER, and M. PRETOLANI Regulation of Peroxisome Proliferator-activated Receptor gamma Expression in Human Asthmatic Airways . Relationship with Proliferation, Apoptosis, and Airway Remodeling Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med., October 15, 2001; 164(8): 1487 - 1494. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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A. Richter, S. M. Puddicombe, J. L. Lordan, F. Bucchieri, S. J. Wilson, R. Djukanovic', G. Dent, S. T. Holgate, and D. E. Davies The Contribution of Interleukin (IL)-4 and IL-13 to the Epithelial-Mesenchymal Trophic Unit in Asthma Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol., September 1, 2001; 25(3): 385 - 391. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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