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* Laboratory of Angiogenesis Research, Microbiology and Tumor Biology Center, Karolinska Institute, S-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden; and
Fujisaki Institute, Hayashibara Biochemical Laboratories, Inc., Okayama 702, Japan
1Correspondence: Yihai Cao, M.D., Ph.D., Laboratory of Angiogenesis Research, Microbiology and Tumor Biology Center, Karolinska Institute, S-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden. E-mail: yihai.cao{at}mtc.ki.se
Interleukin-18 (IL-18), also called interferon-
(IFN-
)-inducing
factor, has recently been characterized as a potent IFN-
-inducing
cytokine. We now report that IL-18 is a novel antiangiogenic and
antitumor cytokine. In vitro, IL-18 specifically
inhibits fibroblast growth factor-2-stimulated proliferation of
capillary endothelial cells. In vivo, IL-18 is
sufficiently potent to suppress the fibroblast growth factor-induced
corneal neovascularization by systemic administration in mice. This
cytokine also inhibits embryonic angiogenesis in the chick
chorioallantoic membrane assay. Systemic and intralesional
administrations of IL-18 produce a significant suppression of the
growth of murine T241 fibrosarcoma in syngeneic C57Bl6/J and
immunodeficient SCID mice. The antitumor effect appears to be potent
because an average of >75% inhibition of primary tumor growth was
observed at a dose of 50 µg/kg/day. In cell culture, murine T241
fibrosarcoma cells are insensitive to recombinant IL-18 at
concentrations that significantly inhibit endothelial cell
proliferation. Immunohistochemical studies of tumor tissues reveal
hypovascularization of the IL-18-treated tumors. These results suggest
that IL-18 may participate in the regulation of a switch of tumor
angiogenesis.Cao, R., Farnebo, J., Kurimoto, M., Cao, Y.
Interleukin-18 acts as an angiogenesis and tumor suppressor.
Key Words: neovascularization antitumor interferon-
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