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A plant-derived edible vaccine against hepatitis B virus

J. KAPUSTA^*, A. MODELSKA^,¶, M. FIGLEROWICZ, T. PNIEWSKI^*, M. LETELLIER^*, O. LISOWA^*, V. YUSIBOV^¶, H. KOPROWSKI^¶1, A. PLUCIENNICZAK^§ and A. B. LEGOCKI^*

^* Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Poznan, Poland;
Marcinkovski Academy of Medical Sciences, Department of Endocrinology, Poznan, Poland;
Marcinkovski Academy of Medical Sciences, Department of Pediatric, Poznan, Poland;
^§ Institute of Biotechnology and Antibiotics, Warsaw, Poland; and
^¶ Biotechnology Foundation Laboratories at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19107, USA

¹Correspondence: Biotechnology Foundation Laboratories at Thomas Jefferson University, Room M85 JAH, 1020 Locust St., Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19107, USA.

The infectious hepatitis B virus represents 42 nm spherical double-shelled particles. However, analysis of blood from hepatitis B virus carriers revealed the presence of smaller 22 nm particles consisting of a viral envelope surface protein. These particles are highly immunogenic and have been used in the design of hepatitis B virus vaccine produced in yeast. Upon expression in yeast, these proteins form virus-like particles that are used for parenteral immunization. Therefore, the DNA fragment encoding hepatitis B virus surface antigen was introduced into Agrobacterium tumerifacience LBA4404 and used to obtain transgenic lupin (Lupinus luteus L.) and lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) cv. Burpee Bibb expressing envelope surface protein. Mice that were fed the transgenic lupin tissue developed significant levels of hepatitis B virus-specific antibodies. Human volunteers, fed with transgenic lettuce plants expressing hepatitis B virus surface antigen, developed specific serum-IgG response to plant produced protein.—Kapusta, J., Modelska, A., Figlerowicz, M., Pniewski, T., Letellier, M., Lisowa, O., Yusibov, V., Koprowski, H., Plucienniczak, A., Legocki, A. B. A plant-derived edible vaccine against hepatitis B virus.

Key Words: oral vaccines • surface antigen (HBsAg) • transgenic lupin • lettuce and engineered plants

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