| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
|
|
|
|||||||
|
|||||||||
REVIEWS |
a Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
ABSTRACT
Genetic immunization, also known as DNA or polynucleotide immunization, is a novel strategy for vaccine development in which plasmid DNA encoding either individual or a collection of antigens is directly administered to a host. Such immunization leads to host expression of the delivered foreign gene, resulting in the induction of a specific immune response against the in vivo produced antigen. DNA immunization has been shown to induce protective immune responses in several infectious disease and cancer experimental model systems. Furthermore, DNA vaccines have recently entered the clinic for analysis as both prophylactic and therapeutic agents. Although the mechanisms of immunity to DNA have not yet been fully elucidated, it has become apparent that the immune response achieved by DNA vaccination is quite malleable, and can be manipulated by altering the conditions under which the vaccine is administered. Either through changing the method or location of immunization, altering the number of immunostimulatory sequences in the plasmid, altering the immunization regimen, or coadministering genes for cytokines or costimulatory molecules, one can modulate both the magnitude and orientation of the subsequent immune response. Through maximization of this feature of DNA immunization, we will likely be able to design vaccines and immunotherapeutic agents that are tailored to the correlates of protection for a particular disease, resulting in a new generation of more focused and effective immune stimulating agents.—Cohen, A. D., Boyer, J. D., Weiner, D. B. Modulating the immune response to genetic immunization. FASEB J. 12, 1611–1626 (1998)
Key Words: immune modulation • plasmid • DNA vaccine • CpG motifs • cytokines
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
 |
|
  T. Kaneda, A. Honda, A. Hakozaki, T. Fuse, A. Muto, and T. Yoshida An Improved Graves' Disease Model Established by Using in Vivo Electroporation Exhibited Long-Term Immunity to Hyperthyroidism in BALB/c Mice Endocrinology, May 1, 2007; 148(5): 2335 - 2344. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 R. Basu, S. Bhaumik, J. M. Basu, K. Naskar, T. De, and S. Roy Kinetoplastid Membrane Protein-11 DNA Vaccination Induces Complete Protection against Both Pentavalent Antimonial-Sensitive and -Resistant Strains of Leishmania donovani That Correlates with Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase Activity and IL-4 Generation: Evidence for Mixed Th1- and Th2-Like Responses in Visceral Leishmaniasis J. Immunol., June 1, 2005; 174(11): 7160 - 7171. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. M. I. Aasa-Chapman, S. Holuigue, K. Aubin, M. Wong, N. A. Jones, D. Cornforth, P. Pellegrino, P. Newton, I. Williams, P. Borrow, et al. Detection of Antibody-Dependent Complement-Mediated Inactivation of both Autologous and Heterologous Virus in Primary Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Infection J. Virol., March 1, 2005; 79(5): 2823 - 2830. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
L. Ramakrishna, K. K. Anand, K. M. Mohankumar, and U. Ranga Codon Optimization of the Tat Antigen of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Generates Strong Immune Responses in Mice following Genetic Immunization J. Virol., September 1, 2004; 78(17): 9174 - 9189. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. Giri, K. E. Ugen, and D. B. Weiner DNA Vaccines against Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 in the Past Decade Clin. Microbiol. Rev., April 1, 2004; 17(2): 370 - 389. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. Zhu, X. Xu, H. Liu, X. Liu, S. Wang, F. Dong, B. Yang, and G. Song Enhancement of DNA vaccine potency against herpes simplex virus 1 by co-administration of an interleukin-18 expression plasmid as a genetic adjuvant J. Med. Microbiol., March 1, 2003; 52(3): 223 - 228. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 H. Grosfeld, S. Cohen, T. Bino, Y. Flashner, R. Ber, E. Mamroud, C. Kronman, A. Shafferman, and B. Velan Effective Protective Immunity to Yersinia pestis Infection Conferred by DNA Vaccine Coding for Derivatives of the F1 Capsular Antigen Infect. Immun., January 1, 2003; 71(1): 374 - 383. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. Charo, M. Sundback, K. Wasserman, A.-M. T. Ciupitu, B. Mirzai, R. van der Zee, and R. Kiessling Marked Enhancement of the Antigen-Specific Immune Response by Combining Plasmid DNA-Based Immunization with a Schiff Base-Forming Drug Infect. Immun., December 1, 2002; 70(12): 6652 - 6657. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. Sasaki, R. R. Amara, W.-S. Yeow, P. M. Pitha, and H. L. Robinson Regulation of DNA-Raised Immune Responses by Cotransfected Interferon Regulatory Factors J. Virol., June 5, 2002; 76(13): 6652 - 6659. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 C. Pastorale, M. Arata, A. Caminos, L. Bruno, J. Basabe, and H. Chemes Effect of Modified Diabetic Splenocytes on Mice Injected with Multiple Low-Dose Streptozotocin Experimental Biology and Medicine, April 1, 2002; 227(4): 282 - 289. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 P. Parajuli, V. Pisarev, J. Sublet, A. Steffel, M. Varney, R. Singh, D. LaFace, and J. E. Talmadge Immunization with Wild-Type p53 Gene Sequences Coadministered with Flt3 Ligand Induces an Antigen-specific Type 1 T-Cell Response Cancer Res., November 1, 2001; 61(22): 8227 - 8234. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
L. Hanlon, D. Argyle, D. Bain, L. Nicolson, S. Dunham, M. C. Golder, M. McDonald, C. McGillivray, O. Jarrett, J. C. Neil, et al. Feline Leukemia Virus DNA Vaccine Efficacy Is Enhanced by Coadministration with Interleukin-12 (IL-12) and IL-18 Expression Vectors J. Virol., September 15, 2001; 75(18): 8424 - 8433. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
H.-W. Chen, C.-H. Pan, H.-W. Huan, M.-Y. Liau, J.-R. Chiang, and M.-H. Tao Suppression of Immune Response and Protective Immunity to a Japanese Encephalitis Virus DNA Vaccine by Coadministration of an IL-12-Expressing Plasmid J. Immunol., June 15, 2001; 166(12): 7419 - 7426. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 V. Kumar, J. Maglione, J. Thatte, B. Pederson, E. Sercarz, and E. S. Ward Induction of a type 1 regulatory CD4 T cell response following V{beta}8.2 DNA vaccination results in immune deviation and protection from experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis Int. Immunol., June 1, 2001; 13(6): 835 - 841. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
B. S. Davis, G.-J. J. Chang, B. Cropp, J. T. Roehrig, D. A. Martin, C. J. Mitchell, R. Bowen, and M. L. Bunning West Nile Virus Recombinant DNA Vaccine Protects Mouse and Horse from Virus Challenge and Expresses In Vitro a Noninfectious Recombinant Antigen That Can Be Used in Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assays J. Virol., May 1, 2001; 75(9): 4040 - 4047. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 D. Dreher, M. Kok, L. Cochand, S. Gitahi Kiama, P. Gehr, J.-C. Pechère, and L. P. Nicod Genetic background of attenuated Salmonella typhimurium has profound influence on infection and cytokine patterns in human dendritic cells J. Leukoc. Biol., April 1, 2001; 69(4): 583 - 589. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
B. Cochlovius, M. Stassar, O. Christ, L. Raddrizzani, J. Hammer, I. Mytilineos, and M. Zoller In Vitro and In Vivo Induction of a Th Cell Response Toward Peptides of the Melanoma-Associated Glycoprotein 100 Protein Selected by the TEPITOPE Program J. Immunol., October 15, 2000; 165(8): 4731 - 4741. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
G. J. Weiner The immunobiology and clinical potential of immunostimulatory CpG oligodeoxynucleotides J. Leukoc. Biol., October 1, 2000; 68(4): 455 - 463. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
T. Kieber-Emmons, B. Monzavi-Karbassi, B. Wang, P. Luo, and D. B. Weiner Cutting Edge: DNA Immunization with Minigenes of Carbohydrate Mimotopes Induce Functional Anti-Carbohydrate Antibody Response J. Immunol., July 15, 2000; 165(2): 623 - 627. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. H. Aberle, S. W. Aberle, S. L. Allison, K. Stiasny, M. Ecker, C. W. Mandl, R. Berger, and F. X. Heinz A DNA Immunization Model Study with Constructs Expressing the Tick-Borne Encephalitis Virus Envelope Protein E in Different Physical Forms J. Immunol., December 15, 1999; 163(12): 6756 - 6761. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
