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(The FASEB Journal. 1998;12:1063-1073.)
© 1998 FASEB

Cyclooxygenase in biology and disease

Raymond N. Duboisa,1, Steven B. Abramsonb, Leslie Croffordc, Rajnish A. Guptaa, Lee S. Simond, Leo B. A. Van De Puttee and Peter E. Lipskyf

a Departments of Medicine/GI & Cell Biology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, USA
b Department of Rheumatology, New York University School of Medicine, Hospital for Joint Diseases, New York, New York 10003, USA
c Division of Rheumatology, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-0680
d Division of Rheumatology, Harvard Medical School, Beth Israel Deaconness Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA
e Division of Rheumatology, University Hospital Nijmegen. 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands
f Rheumatic Diseases Division, Harold C. Simmons Arthritis Research Center, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Texas 75235-8884, USA

Cyclooxygenase (COX), the key enzyme required for the conversion of arachidonic acid to prostaglandins was first identified over 20 years ago. Drugs, like aspirin, that inhibit cyclooxygenase activity have been available to the public for about 100 years. In the past decade, however, more progress has been made in understanding the role of cyclooxygenase enzymes in biology and disease than at any other time in history. Two cyclooxygenase isoforms have been identified and are referred to as COX-1 and COX-2. Under many circumstances the COX-1 enzyme is produced constitutively (i.e., gastric mucosa) whereas COX-2 is inducible (i.e., sites of inflammation). Here, we summarize the current understanding of the role of cyclooxygenase-1 and -2 in different physiological situations and disease processes ranging from inflammation to cancer. We have attempted to include all of the most relevant material in the field, but due to the rapid progress in this area of research we apologize that certain recent findings may have been left out.—DuBois, R. N., Abramson, S. B., Crofford, L., Gupta, R. A., Simon, L. S., van de Putte, L. B. A., Lipsky, P. E. Cyclooxygenase in biology and disease. FASEB J. 12, 1063–1073 (1998)


Key Words: Prostaglandins • Inflammation




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B. Miller, V. A. Patel, and A. Sorokin
Cyclooxygenase-2 Rescues Rat Mesangial Cells from Apoptosis Induced by Adriamycin via Upregulation of Multidrug Resistance Protein 1 (P-Glycoprotein)
J. Am. Soc. Nephrol., April 1, 2006; 17(4): 977 - 985.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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Clin. Cancer Res.Home page
A. Castells, A. Paya, C. Alenda, F. Rodriguez-Moranta, R. Agrelo, M. Andreu, V. Pinol, S. Castellvi-Bel, R. Jover, X. Llor, et al.
Cyclooxygenase 2 expression in colorectal cancer with DNA mismatch repair deficiency.
Clin. Cancer Res., March 15, 2006; 12(6): 1686 - 1692.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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Cancer Res.Home page
T. Chen, H. Hwang, M. E. Rose, R. G. Nines, and G. D. Stoner
Chemopreventive Properties of Black Raspberries in N-Nitrosomethylbenzylamine-Induced Rat Esophageal Tumorigenesis: Down-regulation of Cyclooxygenase-2, Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase, and c-Jun.
Cancer Res., March 1, 2006; 66(5): 2853 - 2859.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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CarcinogenesisHome page
R. Suzuki, H. Kohno, M. Suzui, N. Yoshimi, H. Tsuda, K. Wakabayashi, and T. Tanaka
An animal model for the rapid induction of tongue neoplasms in human c-Ha-ras proto-oncogene transgenic rats by 4-nitroquinoline 1-oxide: its potential use for preclinical chemoprevention studies
Carcinogenesis, March 1, 2006; 27(3): 619 - 630.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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Mol. Pharmacol.Home page
A. J. Tyson-Capper and G. N. Europe-Finner
Novel Targeting of Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) Pre-mRNA Using Antisense Morpholino Oligonucleotides Directed to the 3' Acceptor and 5' Donor Splice Sites of Exon 4: Suppression of COX-2 Activity in Human Amnion-Derived WISH and Myometrial Cells
Mol. Pharmacol., March 1, 2006; 69(3): 796 - 804.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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Clin. Cancer Res.Home page
G. D'Orazi, M. G. Sciulli, V. Di Stefano, S. Riccioni, M. Frattini, R. Falcioni, L. Bertario, A. Sacchi, and P. Patrignani
Homeodomain-Interacting Protein Kinase-2 Restrains Cytosolic Phospholipase A2-Dependent Prostaglandin E2 Generation in Human Colorectal Cancer Cells
Clin. Cancer Res., February 1, 2006; 12(3): 735 - 741.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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CirculationHome page
V. R. Babaev, L. Ding, J. Reese, J. D. Morrow, M. D. Breyer, S. K. Dey, S. Fazio, and M. F. Linton
Cyclooxygenase-1 Deficiency in Bone Marrow Cells Increases Early Atherosclerosis in Apolipoprotein E- and Low-Density Lipoprotein Receptor-Null Mice
Circulation, January 3, 2006; 113(1): 108 - 117.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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Cancer Res.Home page
I. Csiki, K. Yanagisawa, N. Haruki, S. Nadaf, J. D. Morrow, D. H. Johnson, and D. P. Carbone
Thioredoxin-1 Modulates Transcription of Cyclooxygenase-2 via Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-1{alpha} in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
Cancer Res., January 1, 2006; 66(1): 143 - 150.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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GutHome page
D Wang and R N DuBois
PROSTAGLANDINS AND CANCER
Gut, January 1, 2006; 55(1): 115 - 122.
[Full Text] [PDF]


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Cancer Res.Home page
S. Martin, D. C. Phillips, K. Szekely-Szucs, L. Elghazi, F. Desmots, and J. A. Houghton
Cyclooxygenase-2 Inhibition Sensitizes Human Colon Carcinoma Cells to TRAIL-Induced Apoptosis through Clustering of DR5 and Concentrating Death-Inducing Signaling Complex Components into Ceramide-Enriched Caveolae
Cancer Res., December 15, 2005; 65(24): 11447 - 11458.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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Journal of the American Animal Hospital AssociationHome page
G. L. Carroll and S. M. Simonson
Recent Developments in Nonsteroidal Antiinflammatory Drugs in Cats
J. Am. Anim. Hosp. Assoc., November 1, 2005; 41(6): 347 - 354.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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Clin. Chem.Home page
S.-p. Zhao, P. Deng, H.-g. Huang, Z.-m. Xu, H.-y. Dai, S.-c. Hong, J. Yang, and H.-n. Zhou
Expression of COX-2 mRNA in Peripheral Blood Monocytes from Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction and Its Significance
Clin. Chem., November 1, 2005; 51(11): 2170 - 2173.
[Full Text] [PDF]


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Clin. Cancer Res.Home page
H. Dalwadi, K. Krysan, N. Heuze-Vourc'h, M. Dohadwala, D. Elashoff, S. Sharma, N. Cacalano, A. Lichtenstein, and S. Dubinett
Cyclooxygenase-2-Dependent Activation of Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 3 by Interleukin-6 in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
Clin. Cancer Res., November 1, 2005; 11(21): 7674 - 7682.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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J. Neurosci.Home page
N. Sang, J. Zhang, V. Marcheselli, N. G. Bazan, and C. Chen
Postsynaptically Synthesized Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) Modulates Hippocampal Synaptic Transmission via a Presynaptic PGE2 EP2 Receptor
J. Neurosci., October 26, 2005; 25(43): 9858 - 9870.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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Cancer Res.Home page
A. Ferrario, A. M. Fisher, N. Rucker, and C. J. Gomer
Celecoxib and NS-398 Enhance Photodynamic Therapy by Increasing In vitro Apoptosis and Decreasing In vivo Inflammatory and Angiogenic Factors
Cancer Res., October 15, 2005; 65(20): 9473 - 9478.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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J. Immunol.Home page
Y. Lu and L. M. Wahl
Oxidative Stress Augments the Production of Matrix Metalloproteinase-1, Cyclooxygenase-2, and Prostaglandin E2 through Enhancement of NF-{kappa}B Activity in Lipopolysaccharide-Activated Human Primary Monocytes
J. Immunol., October 15, 2005; 175(8): 5423 - 5429.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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Clin. Cancer Res.Home page
J. Mrena, J.-P. Wiksten, A. Thiel, A. Kokkola, L. Pohjola, J. Lundin, S. Nordling, A. Ristimaki, and C. Haglund
Cyclooxygenase-2 Is an Independent Prognostic Factor in Gastric Cancer and Its Expression Is Regulated by the Messenger RNA Stability Factor HuR
Clin. Cancer Res., October 15, 2005; 11(20): 7362 - 7368.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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FASEB J.Home page
K. P. Townsend and D. Pratico
Novel therapeutic opportunities for Alzheimer's disease: focus on nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
FASEB J, October 1, 2005; 19(12): 1592 - 1601.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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Cancer Res.Home page
K. J. Sales, T. List, S. C. Boddy, A. R.W. Williams, R. A. Anderson, Z. Naor, and H. N. Jabbour
A Novel Angiogenic Role for Prostaglandin F2{alpha}-FP Receptor Interaction in Human Endometrial Adenocarcinomas
Cancer Res., September 1, 2005; 65(17): 7707 - 7716.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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Cancer Res.Home page
J. Moreno, A. V. Krishnan, S. Swami, L. Nonn, D. M. Peehl, and D. Feldman
Regulation of Prostaglandin Metabolism by Calcitriol Attenuates Growth Stimulation in Prostate Cancer Cells
Cancer Res., September 1, 2005; 65(17): 7917 - 7925.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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CarcinogenesisHome page
S. I. Abdalla, I. R. Sanderson, and R. C. Fitzgerald
Effect of inflammation on cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 expression in benign and malignant oesophageal cells
Carcinogenesis, September 1, 2005; 26(9): 1627 - 1633.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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J. Biol. Chem.Home page
S.-G. Hwang, S.-S. Yu, H. Poo, and J.-S. Chun
c-Jun/Activator Protein-1 Mediates Interleukin-1{beta}-induced Dedifferentiation but Not Cyclooxygenase-2 Expression in Articular Chondrocytes
J. Biol. Chem., August 19, 2005; 280(33): 29780 - 29787.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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CirculationHome page
D. Pratico and J.-M. Dogne
Selective Cyclooxygenase-2 Inhibitors Development in Cardiovascular Medicine
Circulation, August 16, 2005; 112(7): 1073 - 1079.
[Full Text] [PDF]


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Eur Respir JHome page
J. Shi, N. L. A. Misso, D. L. Duffy, B. Bradley, R. Beard, P. J. Thompson, and M-A. Kedda
Cyclooxygenase-1 gene polymorphisms in patients with different asthma phenotypes and atopy
Eur. Respir. J., August 1, 2005; 26(2): 249 - 256.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab.Home page
M. Lantz, T. Vondrichova, H. Parikh, C. Frenander, M. Ridderstrale, P. Asman, M. Aberg, L. Groop, and B. Hallengren
Overexpression of Immediate Early Genes in Active Graves' Ophthalmopathy
J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., August 1, 2005; 90(8): 4784 - 4791.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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Cancer Res.Home page
K. Krysan, K. L. Reckamp, H. Dalwadi, S. Sharma, E. Rozengurt, M. Dohadwala, and S. M. Dubinett
Prostaglandin E2 Activates Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase/Erk Pathway Signaling and Cell Proliferation in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Cells in an Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor-Independent Manner
Cancer Res., July 15, 2005; 65(14): 6275 - 6281.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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J. Biol. Chem.Home page
K. B. Kilunga, T. Inoue, Y. Okano, Z. Kabututu, S. K. Martin, M. Lazarus, M. Duszenko, Y. Sumii, Y. Kusakari, H. Matsumura, et al.
Structural and Mutational Analysis of Trypanosoma brucei Prostaglandin H2 Reductase Provides Insight into the Catalytic Mechanism of Aldo-ketoreductases
J. Biol. Chem., July 15, 2005; 280(28): 26371 - 26382.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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Infect. Immun.Home page
E. Y. Fukuda, S. P. Lad, D. P. Mikolon, M. Iacobelli-Martinez, and E. Li
Activation of Lipid Metabolism Contributes to Interleukin-8 Production during Chlamydia trachomatis Infection of Cervical Epithelial Cells
Infect. Immun., July 1, 2005; 73(7): 4017 - 4024.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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J Clin PharmacolHome page
P. A. Konstantinopoulos and D. F. Lehmann
The Cardiovascular Toxicity of Selective and Nonselective Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors: Comparisons, Contrasts, and Aspirin Confounding
J. Clin. Pharmacol., July 1, 2005; 45(7): 742 - 750.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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Biol. Reprod.Home page
J. Parent and M. A. Fortier
Expression and Contribution of Three Different Isoforms of Prostaglandin E Synthase in the Bovine Endometrium
Biol Reprod, July 1, 2005; 73(1): 36 - 44.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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Am. J. Physiol. Renal Physiol.Home page
W. Dou, S. Thompson-Jaeger, S. J. F. Laulederkind, J. W. Becker, J. Montgomery, E. Ruiz-Bustos, D. L. Hasty, L. R. Ballou, P. S. Eastman, B. Srichai, et al.
Defective expression of Tamm-Horsfall protein/uromodulin in COX-2-deficient mice increases their susceptibility to urinary tract infections
Am J Physiol Renal Physiol, July 1, 2005; 289(1): F49 - F60.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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J. Virol.Home page
M. Joo, Y. S. Hahn, M. Kwon, R. T. Sadikot, T. S. Blackwell, and J. W. Christman
Hepatitis C Virus Core Protein Suppresses NF-{kappa}B Activation and Cyclooxygenase-2 Expression by Direct Interaction with I{kappa}B Kinase {beta}
J. Virol., June 15, 2005; 79(12): 7648 - 7657.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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J. Biol. Chem.Home page
H. Kim, S. H. Rhee, E. Kokkotou, X. Na, T. Savidge, M. P. Moyer, C. Pothoulakis, and J. T. LaMont
Clostridium difficile Toxin A Regulates Inducible Cyclooxygenase-2 and Prostaglandin E2 Synthesis in Colonocytes via Reactive Oxygen Species and Activation of p38 MAPK
J. Biol. Chem., June 3, 2005; 280(22): 21237 - 21245.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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IOVSHome page
X. Zhang and A. H. Neufeld
Activation of the Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor in Optic Nerve Astrocytes Leads to Early and Transient Induction of Cyclooxygenase-2
Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci., June 1, 2005; 46(6): 2035 - 2041.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg.Home page
E. M. Sievers, R. D. Bart, L. M. Backhus, Y. Lin, M. Starnes, R. Castanos, V. A. Starnes, and Ross. M. Bremner
Evaluation of cyclooxygenase-2 inhibition in an orthotopic murine model of lung cancer for dose-dependent effect
J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg., June 1, 2005; 129(6): 1242 - 1249.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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J. Lipid Res.Home page
Y. Denkins, D. Kempf, M. Ferniz, S. Nileshwar, and D. Marchetti
Role of {omega}-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids on cyclooxygenase-2 metabolism in brain-metastatic melanoma
J. Lipid Res., June 1, 2005; 46(6): 1278 - 1284.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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Pharmacol. Rev.Home page
V. Mollace, C. Muscoli, E. Masini, S. Cuzzocrea, and D. Salvemini
Modulation of Prostaglandin Biosynthesis by Nitric Oxide and Nitric Oxide Donors
Pharmacol. Rev., June 1, 2005; 57(2): 217 - 252.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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GutHome page
M Fornai, C Blandizzi, R Colucci, L Antonioli, N Bernardini, C Segnani, B Baragatti, S Barogi, P Berti, R Spisni, et al.
Role of cyclooxygenases 1 and 2 in the modulation of neuromuscular functions in the distal colon of humans and mice
Gut, May 1, 2005; 54(5): 608 - 616.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]




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