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(The FASEB Journal. 1998;12:35-42.)
© 1998 FASEB


REVIEW

Anchoring proteins for protein kinase C: a means for isozyme selectivity

Daria Mochly-Rosena,1, and Adrienne S. Gordonb

a Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Stanford University, School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305–5332, USA
b Departments of Neurology and Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, Ernest Gallo Clinic and Research Center, Program in Neuroscience, and Center for the Neurobiology of Addiction, University of California, San Francisco, California 94110, USA

Protein kinase C (PKC) isozymes comprise a family of related enzymes. There are only limited differences between these isozymes in substrate specificity or sensitivity to activators. However, there are multiple isozymes within a cell mediating isozyme-specific functions. Differential subcellular localization has been proposed to explain this specificity. When members of the PKC family are activated by lipid-derived second messengers, they translocate from one cell compartment to another. Isozyme specificity appears to be mediated in part by association of each PKC isozyme with specific anchoring proteins. This review will cover the proteins involved in the anchoring of PKC isozymes at specific subcellular sites, the domains in the PKC isozymes that mediate protein–protein interaction with isozyme-specific anchoring proteins, and identification of peptides that interfere with or promote these protein–protein interactions, thus altering the localization and function of individual isozymes.—Mochly-Rosen, D., Gordon, A. S. Anchoring proteins for protein kinase C: a means for isozyme selectivity. FASEB J. 12, 35–42 (1998)


Key Words: PKC • RACK • RICK • localization




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Z. S. Jonjev, D. W. Schwertz, J. M. Beck, J. D. Ross, and W. R. Law
Subcellular distribution of protein kinase C isozymes during cardioplegic arrest
J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg., December 1, 2003; 126(6): 1880 - 1885.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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JEMHome page
B. L. Kelly, D. B. Stetson, and R. M. Locksley
Leishmania major LACK Antigen Is Required for Efficient Vertebrate Parasitization
J. Exp. Med., December 1, 2003; 198(11): 1689 - 1698.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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Am. J. Physiol. Renal Physiol.Home page
C. E. Runyan, H. W. Schnaper, and A.-C. Poncelet
Smad3 and PKC{delta} mediate TGF-{beta}1-induced collagen I expression in human mesangial cells
Am J Physiol Renal Physiol, September 1, 2003; 285(3): F413 - F422.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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HypertensionHome page
T. Yu, I. Morita, K. Shimokado, T. Iwai, and M. Yoshida
Amlodipine Modulates THP-1 Cell Adhesion to Vascular Endothelium via Inhibition of Protein Kinase C Signal Transduction
Hypertension, September 1, 2003; 42(3): 329 - 334.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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J. Biol. Chem.Home page
R. Efendiev, C. E. Budu, A. R. Cinelli, A. M. Bertorello, and C. H. Pedemonte
Intracellular Na+ Regulates Dopamine and Angiotensin II Receptors Availability at the Plasma Membrane and Their Cellular Responses in Renal Epithelia
J. Biol. Chem., August 1, 2003; 278(31): 28719 - 28726.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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J. Neurophysiol.Home page
A. Sculptoreanu and W. C. de Groat
Protein Kinase C Is Involved in Neurokinin Receptor Modulation of N- and L-Type Ca2+ Channels in DRG Neurons of the Adult Rat
J Neurophysiol, July 1, 2003; 90(1): 21 - 31.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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Am. J. Physiol. Cell Physiol.Home page
P. Ping
A new chapter in cardiac PKC signaling studies: searching for isoform-specific molecular targets. Focus on: "Isoenzyme-selective regulation of SERCA2 gene expression by protein kinase C in neonatal rat ventricular myocytes"
Am J Physiol Cell Physiol, July 1, 2003; 285(1): C19 - C21.
[Full Text] [PDF]


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Mol. Endocrinol.Home page
R. R. Bosch, M. Bazuine, M. M. Wake, P. N. Span, A. J. Olthaar, A. Schurmann, J. A. Maassen, A. R. M. M. Hermus, P. H. G. M. Willems, and C. G. J. Sweep
Inhibition of Protein Kinase C{beta}II Increases Glucose Uptake in 3T3-L1 Adipocytes through Elevated Expression of Glucose Transporter 1 at the Plasma Membrane
Mol. Endocrinol., July 1, 2003; 17(7): 1230 - 1239.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol.Home page
T. C. Zhao and R. C. Kukreja
Protein kinase C-{delta} mediates adenosine A3 receptor-induced delayed cardioprotection in mouse
Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, June 5, 2003; 285(1): H434 - H441.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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J. Biol. Chem.Home page
Y. Hou, J. Lascola, N. O. Dulin, R. D. Ye, and D. D. Browning
Activation of cGMP-dependent Protein Kinase by Protein Kinase C
J. Biol. Chem., May 2, 2003; 278(19): 16706 - 16712.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther.Home page
W. R. Proctor, W. Poelchen, B. J. Bowers, J. M. Wehner, R. O. Messing, and T. V. Dunwiddie
Ethanol Differentially Enhances Hippocampal GABAA Receptor-Mediated Responses in Protein Kinase Cgamma (PKCgamma ) and PKCepsilon Null Mice
J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., April 1, 2003; 305(1): 264 - 270.
[Abstract] [Full Text]


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Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol.Home page
C. M. Littler, K. G. Morris Jr., K. A. Fagan, I. F. McMurtry, R. O. Messing, and E. C. Dempsey
Protein kinase C-epsilon -null mice have decreased hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction
Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, April 1, 2003; 284(4): H1321 - H1331.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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J. Biol. Chem.Home page
R. V. Stahelin, J. D. Rafter, S. Das, and W. Cho
The Molecular Basis of Differential Subcellular Localization of C2 Domains of Protein Kinase C-alpha and Group IVa Cytosolic Phospholipase A2
J. Biol. Chem., March 28, 2003; 278(14): 12452 - 12460.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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J. Biol. Chem.Home page
E. J. Nelson, K. Hellevuo, M. Yoshimura, and B. Tabakoff
Ethanol-induced Phosphorylation and Potentiation of the Activity of Type 7 Adenylyl Cyclase. INVOLVEMENT OF PROTEIN KINASE C delta
J. Biol. Chem., February 7, 2003; 278(7): 4552 - 4560.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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J. Leukoc. Biol.Home page
I. Junttila, R. P. Bourette, L. R. Rohrschneider, and O. Silvennoinen
M-CSF induced differentiation of myeloid precursor cells involves activation of PKC-{delta} and expression of Pkare
J. Leukoc. Biol., February 1, 2003; 73(2): 281 - 288.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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Mol. Biol. CellHome page
E. A. Cox, D. Bennin, A. T. Doan, T. O'Toole, and A. Huttenlocher
RACK1 Regulates Integrin-mediated Adhesion, Protrusion, and Chemotactic Cell Migration via Its Src-binding Site
Mol. Biol. Cell, February 1, 2003; 14(2): 658 - 669.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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Physiol. GenomicsHome page
M. Guo, M. H. Wu, F. Korompai, and S. Y. Yuan
Upregulation of PKC genes and isozymes in cardiovascular tissues during early stages of experimental diabetes
Physiol Genomics, January 15, 2003; 12(2): 139 - 146.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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J. Biol. Chem.Home page
R. T. Waldron and E. Rozengurt
Protein Kinase C Phosphorylates Protein Kinase D Activation Loop Ser744 and Ser748 and Releases Autoinhibition by the Pleckstrin Homology Domain
J. Biol. Chem., January 3, 2003; 278(1): 154 - 163.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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JCBHome page
E. C. Larsen, T. Ueyama, P. M. Brannock, Y. Shirai, N. Saito, C. Larsson, D. Loegering, P. B. Weber, and M. R. Lennartz
A role for PKC-{varepsilon} in Fc{gamma}R-mediated phagocytosis by RAW 264.7 cells
J. Cell Biol., December 23, 2002; 159(6): 939 - 944.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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J. Biol. Chem.Home page
E. J. Dell, J. Connor, S. Chen, E. G. Stebbins, N. P. Skiba, D. Mochly-Rosen, and H. E. Hamm
The beta gamma Subunit of Heterotrimeric G Proteins Interacts with RACK1 and Two Other WD Repeat Proteins
J. Biol. Chem., December 13, 2002; 277(51): 49888 - 49895.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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Am. J. Physiol. Cell Physiol.Home page
J. Zhong, G.-X. Wang, W. J. Hatton, I. A. Yamboliev, M. P. Walsh, and J. R. Hume
Regulation of volume-sensitive outwardly rectifying anion channels in pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells by PKC
Am J Physiol Cell Physiol, December 1, 2002; 283(6): C1627 - C1636.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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J. Biol. Chem.Home page
I. Korichneva, B. Hoyos, R. Chua, E. Levi, and U. Hammerling
Zinc Release from Protein Kinase C as the Common Event during Activation by Lipid Second Messenger or Reactive Oxygen
J. Biol. Chem., November 8, 2002; 277(46): 44327 - 44331.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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J. Immunol.Home page
A. E. Tcherkasowa, S. Adam-Klages, M.-L. Kruse, K. Wiegmann, S. Mathieu, W. Kolanus, M. Kronke, and D. Adam
Interaction with Factor Associated with Neutral Sphingomyelinase Activation, a WD Motif-Containing Protein, Identifies Receptor for Activated C-Kinase 1 as a Novel Component of the Signaling Pathways of the p55 TNF Receptor
J. Immunol., November 1, 2002; 169(9): 5161 - 5170.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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J. Biol. Chem.Home page
J. C. Todt, B. Hu, A. Punturieri, J. Sonstein, T. Polak, and J. L. Curtis
Activation of Protein Kinase C beta II by the Stereo-specific Phosphatidylserine Receptor Is Required for Phagocytosis of Apoptotic Thymocytes by Resident Murine Tissue Macrophages
J. Biol. Chem., September 20, 2002; 277(39): 35906 - 35914.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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Biol. Reprod.Home page
L. T. Budnik and A. K. Mukhopadhyay
Lysophosphatidic Acid-Induced Nuclear Localization of Protein Kinase C {delta} in Bovine Theca Cells Stimulated with Luteinizing Hormone
Biol Reprod, September 1, 2002; 67(3): 935 - 944.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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Cardiovasc ResHome page
S. Wolfrum, K. Schneider, M. Heidbreder, J. Nienstedt, P. Dominiak, and A. Dendorfer
Remote preconditioning protects the heart by activating myocardial PKC{epsilon}-isoform
Cardiovasc Res, August 15, 2002; 55(3): 583 - 589.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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Cardiovasc ResHome page
A. T Saurin, D. J Pennington, N. J.H Raat, D. S Latchman, M. J Owen, and M. S Marber
Targeted disruption of the protein kinase C epsilon gene abolishes the infarct size reduction that follows ischaemic preconditioning of isolated buffer-perfused mouse hearts
Cardiovasc Res, August 15, 2002; 55(3): 672 - 680.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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Clin. Cancer Res.Home page
R. K. Strair, D. Schaar, L. Goodell, J. Aisner, K.-V. Chin, J. Eid, R. Senzon, X. X. Cui, Z. T. Han, B. Knox, et al.
Administration of a Phorbol Ester to Patients with Hematological Malignancies: Preliminary Results from a Phase I Clinical Trial of 12-O-Tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate
Clin. Cancer Res., August 1, 2002; 8(8): 2512 - 2518.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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J. Biol. Chem.Home page
M. Tardif, M. Savard, L. Flamand, and J. Gosselin
Impaired Protein Kinase C Activation/Translocation in Epstein-Barr Virus-infected Monocytes
J. Biol. Chem., June 28, 2002; 277(27): 24148 - 24154.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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Mol. Cell. Biol.Home page
M. Leitges, K. Gimborn, W. Elis, J. Kalesnikoff, M. R. Hughes, G. Krystal, and M. Huber
Protein Kinase C-{delta} Is a Negative Regulator of Antigen-Induced Mast Cell Degranulation
Mol. Cell. Biol., June 15, 2002; 22(12): 3970 - 3980.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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J. Biol. Chem.Home page
C. M. Liedtke, C. H. C. Yun, N. Kyle, and D. Wang
Protein Kinase Cepsilon -dependent Regulation of Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Regulator Involves Binding to a Receptor for Activated C Kinase (RACK1) and RACK1 Binding to Na+/H+ Exchange Regulatory Factor
J. Biol. Chem., June 14, 2002; 277(25): 22925 - 22933.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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J. Biol. Chem.Home page
A. Besson, T. L. Wilson, and V. W. Yong
The Anchoring Protein RACK1 Links Protein Kinase Cepsilon to Integrin beta Chains. REQUIREMENT FOR ADHESION AND MOTILITY
J. Biol. Chem., June 7, 2002; 277(24): 22073 - 22084.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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Am. J. Physiol. Renal Physiol.Home page
C. I. Whiteside and J. A. Dlugosz
Mesangial cell protein kinase C isozyme activation in the diabetic milieu
Am J Physiol Renal Physiol, June 1, 2002; 282(6): F975 - F980.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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J. Leukoc. Biol.Home page
B. Hendey, C. L. Zhu, and S. Greenstein
Fas activation opposes PMA-stimulated changes in the localization of PKC{delta}: a mechanism for reducing neutrophil adhesion to endothelial cells
J. Leukoc. Biol., May 1, 2002; 71(5): 863 - 870.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]




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