The FASEB Journal, Vol 11, 419-427, Copyright © 1997 by The Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology

REVIEWS

Cytochromes P450 12: diversity of ACTH (cAMP)-dependent transcription of bovine steroid hydroxylase genes

MR Waterman and LJ Bischof
Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, Nashville, Tennessee 37232-0146, USA.

An essential role of ACTH is to assure that optimal steroidogenic capacity is maintained in the adrenal cortex throughout life. This is achieved by maintaining transcriptional pressure on the genes encoding the adrenocortical steroid hydroxylases via the second messenger, cAMP. Even though these genes respond coordinately to cAMP, it has been surprising to discover that each gene uses its own unique cAMP response system during this coordinate response. Thus, different cis elements and sets of transcription factors control the cAMP responsiveness of each different steroid hydroxylase gene. Although the physiological basis of this diversity in biochemical mechanisms of transcriptional regulation is not apparent, a portion of this signaling pathway is common to all of these genes. In particular, the action of cAMP- dependent protein kinase and an as yet uncharacterized cycloheximide- sensitive step are necessary for ACTH-mediated transcription of each gene. Biochemical characterization of these common steps in the ACTH- dependent signaling pathways is essential to an understanding of the maintenance of optimal steroidogenic capacity in the adrenal cortex.

This article has been cited by other articles:

				C. J. Hanke, B. B. Holmes, Y. Xu, K. Nithipatikom, and W. B. Campbell Endothelium-Derived Steroidogenic Factor Enhances Angiotensin II-Stimulated Aldosterone Release by Bovine Zona Glomerulosa Cells Endocrinology, January 1, 2007; 148(1): 317 - 323. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M. B. Sewer and M. R. Waterman cAMP-dependent Protein Kinase Enhances CYP17 Transcription via MKP-1 Activation in H295R Human Adrenocortical Cells J. Biol. Chem., February 28, 2003; 278(10): 8106 - 8111. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				A. M. Chinn, D. Ciais, S. Bailly, E. Chambaz, J. LaMarre, and J.-J. Feige Identification of Two Novel ACTH-Responsive Genes Encoding Manganese-Dependent Superoxide Dismutase (SOD2) and the Zinc Finger Protein TIS11b [Tetradecanoyl Phorbol Acetate (TPA)-Inducible Sequence 11b] Mol. Endocrinol., June 1, 2002; 16(6): 1417 - 1427. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M. B. Sewer and M. R. Waterman Adrenocorticotropin/Cyclic Adenosine 3',5'-Monophosphate-Mediated Transcription of the Human CYP17 Gene in the Adrenal Cortex Is Dependent on Phosphatase Activity Endocrinology, May 1, 2002; 143(5): 1769 - 1777. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				P. C. White and P. W. Speiser Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia due to 21-Hydroxylase Deficiency Endocr. Rev., June 1, 2000; 21(3): 245 - 291. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				F.M. Morán, A.J. Conley, C.J. Corbin, E. Enan, C. VandeVoort, J.W. Overstreet, and B.L. Lasley 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-Dioxin Decreases Estradiol Production Without Altering the Enzyme Activity of Cytochrome P450 Aromatase of Human Luteinized Granulosa Cells In Vitro Biol Reprod, April 1, 2000; 62(4): 1102 - 1108. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				H. J. Armbrecht, T. L. Hodam, M. A. Boltz, N. C. Partridge, A. J. Brown, and V. B. Kumar Induction of the Vitamin D 24-Hydroxylase (CYP24) by 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 Is Regulated by Parathyroid Hormone in UMR106 Osteoblastic Cells Endocrinology, August 1, 1998; 139(8): 3375 - 3381. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				C. Brand, N. Cherradi, G. Defaye, A. Chinn, E. M. Chambaz, J.-J. Feige, and S. Bailly Transforming Growth Factor beta 1 Decreases Cholesterol Supply to Mitochondria via Repression of Steroidogenic Acute Regulatory Protein Expression J. Biol. Chem., March 13, 1998; 273(11): 6410 - 6416. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]