FASEB J.
HOME HELP FEEDBACK SUBSCRIPTIONS ARCHIVE SEARCH
QUICK SEARCH:   [advanced]


     

This Article
Right arrow Full Text (PDF)
Right arrow 2 column PDF
Right arrow All Versions of this Article:
15/2/300
00-0399fjev1    most recent
Right arrow Alert me when this article is cited
Right arrow Alert me if a correction is posted
Services
Right arrow Email this article to a friend
Right arrow Similar articles in this journal
Right arrow Similar articles in PubMed
Right arrow Alert me to new issues of the journal
Right arrow Download to citation manager
Right arrow reprints & permissions
Citing Articles
Right arrow Citing Articles via HighWire
Right arrow Citing Articles via Google Scholar
Google Scholar
Right arrow Articles by Baker, D.
Right arrow Articles by Di Marzo, V.
Right arrow Search for Related Content
PubMed
Right arrow PubMed Citation
Right arrow Articles by Baker, D.
Right arrow Articles by Di Marzo, V.
The FASEB Journal Express Article doi:10.1096/fj.00-0399fje
Published online December 8, 2000

Endocannabinoids control spasticity in a multiple sclerosis model

David Baker, Gareth Pryce, J. Ludovic Croxford, Peter Brown, Roger G. Pertwee, Alexandros Makriyannis, Atmaram Khanolkar, Lorna Layward, Filomena Fezza, Tiziana Bisogno, and Vincenzo Di Marzo

E-mail contact: dbaker{at}ion.ucl.ac.uk, vdimarzo{at}icmib.na.cnr.it

Spasticity is a complicating sign in multiple sclerosis that also develops in a model of chronic relapsing experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (CREAE) in mice. In areas associated with nerve damage, increased levels of the endocannabinoids, anandamide (arachidonoylethanolamide, AEA) and 2-arachidonoyl glycerol (2-AG), and of the AEA congener, palmitoylethanolamide (PEA), were detected here, whereas comparable levels of these compounds were found in normal and non-spastic CREAE mice. While exogenously administered endocannabinoids and PEA ameliorate spasticity, selective inhibitors of endocannabinoid re-uptake and hydrolysis-probably through the enhancement of endogenous levels of AEA, and, possibly, 2-arachidonoyl glycerol-significantly ameliorated spasticity to an extent comparable with that observed previously with potent cannabinoid receptor agonists. These studies provide definitive evidence for the tonic control of spasticity by the endocannabinoid system and open new horizons to therapy of multiple sclerosis, and other neuromuscular diseases, based on agents modulating endocannabinoid levels and action, which exhibit little psychotropic activity.

Key words: autoimmune encephalomyelitis · multiple sclerosis · anandamide · 2-arachidonoyl-glycerol · palmitoylethanolamide · cannabinoid




This article has been cited by other articles:


Home page
 BrainHome page
S. Bittner, S. G. Meuth, K. Gobel, N. Melzer, A. M. Herrmann, O. J. Simon, A. Weishaupt, T. Budde, D. A. Bayliss, M. Bendszus, et al.
TASK1 modulates inflammation and neurodegeneration in autoimmune inflammation of the central nervous system
Brain, July 1, 2009; (2009) awp163v1.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Neurosci.Home page
I. J. Lever, M. Robinson, M. Cibelli, C. Paule, P. Santha, L. Yee, S. P. Hunt, B. F. Cravatt, M. R. Elphick, I. Nagy, et al.
Localization of the Endocannabinoid-Degrading Enzyme Fatty Acid Amide Hydrolase in Rat Dorsal Root Ganglion Cells and Its Regulation after Peripheral Nerve Injury
J. Neurosci., March 25, 2009; 29(12): 3766 - 3780.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Neurol. Neurosurg. PsychiatryHome page
M Di Filippo, L A Pini, G P Pelliccioli, P Calabresi, and P Sarchielli
Abnormalities in the cerebrospinal fluid levels of endocannabinoids in multiple sclerosis
J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry, November 1, 2008; 79(11): 1224 - 1229.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Neuropsychiatry Clin. Neurosi.Home page
P. Papathanasopoulos, L. Messinis, E. Lyros, A. Kastellakis, and G. Panagis
Multiple Sclerosis, Cannabinoids, and Cognition
J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci, February 1, 2008; 20(1): 36 - 51.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 BrainHome page
D. Centonze, M. Bari, S. Rossi, C. Prosperetti, R. Furlan, F. Fezza, V. De Chiara, L. Battistini, G. Bernardi, S. Bernardini, et al.
The endocannabinoid system is dysregulated in multiple sclerosis and in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis
Brain, October 1, 2007; 130(10): 2543 - 2553.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther.Home page
D. A. Karanian, S. L. Karim, J. T. Wood, J. S. Williams, S. Lin, A. Makriyannis, and B. A. Bahr
Endocannabinoid Enhancement Protects against Kainic Acid-Induced Seizures and Associated Brain Damage
J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., September 1, 2007; 322(3): 1059 - 1066.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Neurosci.Home page
G. G. Muccioli, C. Xu, E. Odah, E. Cudaback, J. A. Cisneros, D. M. Lambert, M. L. Lopez Rodriguez, S. Bajjalieh, and N. Stella
Identification of a Novel Endocannabinoid-Hydrolyzing Enzyme Expressed by Microglial Cells
J. Neurosci., March 14, 2007; 27(11): 2883 - 2889.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Mult SclerHome page
M Bifulco, C Laezza, and A M Malfitano
From anecdotal evidence of cannabinoids in multiple sclerosis to emerging new therapeutical approaches
Multiple Sclerosis, January 1, 2007; 13(1): 133 - 134.
[PDF]

Home page
 Pharmacol. Rev.Home page
P. Pacher, S. Batkai, and G. Kunos
The Endocannabinoid System as an Emerging Target of Pharmacotherapy
Pharmacol. Rev., September 1, 2006; 58(3): 389 - 462.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Am. J. Pathol.Home page
L. P. Shriver and B. N. Dittel
T-Cell-Mediated Disruption of the Neuronal Microtubule Network: Correlation with Early Reversible Axonal Dysfunction in Acute Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis
Am. J. Pathol., September 1, 2006; 169(3): 999 - 1011.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 FASEB J.Home page
L. G. Bilsland, J. R. T. Dick, G. Pryce, S. Petrosino, V. Di Marzo, D. Baker, and L. Greensmith
Increasing cannabinoid levels by pharmacological and genetic manipulation delay disease progression in SOD1 mice
FASEB J, May 1, 2006; 20(7): 1003 - 1005.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USAHome page
A. Witting, L. Chen, E. Cudaback, A. Straiker, L. Walter, B. Rickman, T. Moller, C. Brosnan, and N. Stella
From the Cover: Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis disrupts endocannabinoid-mediated neuroprotection
PNAS, April 18, 2006; 103(16): 6362 - 6367.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Neurosci.Home page
L. Walter, T. Dinh, and N. Stella
ATP Induces a Rapid and Pronounced Increase in 2-Arachidonoylglycerol Production by Astrocytes, a Response Limited by Monoacylglycerol Lipase
J. Neurosci., September 15, 2004; 24(37): 8068 - 8074.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USAHome page
A. Witting, L. Walter, J. Wacker, T. Moller, and N. Stella
P2X7 receptors control 2-arachidonoylglycerol production by microglial cells
PNAS, March 2, 2004; 101(9): 3214 - 3219.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 ScienceHome page
G. Marsicano, S. Goodenough, K. Monory, H. Hermann, M. Eder, A. Cannich, S. C. Azad, M. G. Cascio, S. O. Gutierrez, M. van der Stelt, et al.
CB1 Cannabinoid Receptors and On-Demand Defense Against Excitotoxicity
Science, October 3, 2003; 302(5642): 84 - 88.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 BrainHome page
G. Pryce, Z. Ahmed, D. J. R. Hankey, S. J. Jackson, J. L. Croxford, J. M. Pocock, C. Ledent, A. Petzold, A. J. Thompson, G. Giovannoni, et al.
Cannabinoids inhibit neurodegeneration in models of multiple sclerosis
Brain, October 1, 2003; 126(10): 2191 - 2202.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Neurosci.Home page
A. Franklin, S. Parmentier-Batteur, L. Walter, D. A. Greenberg, and N. Stella
Palmitoylethanolamide Increases after Focal Cerebral Ischemia and Potentiates Microglial Cell Motility
J. Neurosci., August 27, 2003; 23(21): 7767 - 7775.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Neurosci.Home page
A. Arevalo-Martin, J. M. Vela, E. Molina-Holgado, J. Borrell, and C. Guaza
Therapeutic Action of Cannabinoids in a Murine Model of Multiple Sclerosis
J. Neurosci., April 1, 2003; 23(7): 2511 - 2516.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Neurosci.Home page
L. Walter, A. Franklin, A. Witting, C. Wade, Y. Xie, G. Kunos, K. Mackie, and N. Stella
Nonpsychotropic Cannabinoid Receptors Regulate Microglial Cell Migration
J. Neurosci., February 15, 2003; 23(4): 1398 - 1405.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 NeurologyHome page
A. J. Thompson and D. Baker
Cannabinoids in MS: Potentially useful but not just yet!
Neurology, May 14, 2002; 58(9): 1323 - 1324.
[Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Neurosci.Home page
M. van der Stelt, W. B. Veldhuis, G. W. van Haaften, F. Fezza, T. Bisogno, P. R. Bar, G. A. Veldink, J. F. G. Vliegenthart, V. Di Marzo, and K. Nicolay
Exogenous Anandamide Protects Rat Brain against Acute Neuronal Injury In Vivo
J. Neurosci., November 15, 2001; 21(22): 8765 - 8771.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


HOME HELP FEEDBACK SUBSCRIPTIONS ARCHIVE SEARCH
Copyright © 2000 by The Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology.